ECONOMIC GEOGRAPH: IMPORTANT 1-MARK QUESTIONS WITH SHORT ANSWERS
Economic Geography (VERY SHORT TYPE FOR 1 MARK)
Definitions and Scope
What is geography broadly divided into?
Answer:
Physical Geography and Human Geography.
Economic Geography is a branch of which
division?
Answer:
Human Geography.
Define 'economic geography'.
Answer:
The branch of geography studying human activities associated with the production,
distribution, consumption, and exchange of resources in space and time.
What is the "Spatial Context" in
Economic Geography?
Answer:
It refers to the location or place where economic activities occur.
Who is known as the father of modern
economic geography?
Answer:
George Chisholm.
What did traditional economic geography
mainly focus on?
Answer:
Where economic activities are located.
What is the main objective of economic
geography according to Chisholm?
Answer:
Determination of the economic development trend and direction of a place.
Name two economic geographers besides
Chisholm mentioned in the text.
Answer:
C.F. Jones and G.G. Darkenwald.
What does applied economic geography use for problem-solving today?
Answer:
Quantitative techniques and Geographical Information Systems (GIS).
Mention one approach used to study economic geography.
Answer:
Regional Approach (or Topical/Commodity Approach).
Which branch of geography studies the
relationship between resources and development?
Answer:
Geography of Resources.
What does transport geography study?
Answer:
Types of transport systems and their role in resource distribution and economic
activity.
Which branch focuses on the distribution of
markets and associated theories?
Answer:
Geography of Marketing.
What is studied in the geography of planning
and development?
Answer:
Planning strategies, sustainable development, and regional development
processes.
Why is sustainable development emphasised
today?
Answer:
Because every economic activity is very closely related to the environment.
Economic
Activities/Occupations
How many types of economic activities are
there?
Answer:
Four.
What is Primary Occupation?
Answer:
Human activity where resources are collected directly from nature.
Give an example of a primary occupation.
Answer:
Agriculture (or Fishing/Mining).
What is a secondary occupation?
Answer:
Activity where natural commodities are transformed into usable forms using
technology.
Give an example of a secondary occupation.
Answer:
Manufacturing.
What is a tertiary occupation?
Answer:
Activity where commodities reach consumers through services.
Give an example of a tertiary occupation.
Answer:
Transport (or Marketing/Tourism).
What is Quaternary Occupation?
Answer:
Activities that make secondary and tertiary work easier and more productive.
Give an example of a quaternary occupation.
Answer:
Education (or Research/Banking).
Is forest resource collection a primary or
secondary activity?
Answer:
Primary activity.
Concept of Resources
What are the two essential properties of a
resource according to Zimmermann?
Answer:
Functionality and Utility.
Is every material found on Earth a
resource?
Answer:
No, only those with functionality and utility.
What are the three factors whose interaction
forms a resource?
Answer:
Nature, man, and culture (including science/technology).
In what two ways is man associated with
resources?
Answer:
As producer and as consumer.
What is a "Man-made Resource"?
Answer:
A resource produced by human effort, like technology, houses, or roads.
Why is the human population considered a
resource?
Answer:
Because man is the creator of resources through skill and technology.
Explain the "dynamic" nature of
resources.
Answer:
A material not used today may become useful in the future due to changes in
technology or needs.
What is "Neutral Stuff"?
Answer:
Materials found on Earth that are neither useful nor harmful to man today.
Give an example of historical "neutral stuff".
Answer:
Coal or mineral oil before man learned to generate power from them.
What is "Resistance"?
Answer:
Materials or phenomena that are harmful to man.
Give an example of "resistance".
Answer:
Infertile soil or a flood-affected region.
Which river was considered a resistance
before the construction of dams?
Answer:
The Damodar River.
How can a "resistance" become a
resource?
Answer:
Through human knowledge, science, and technology.
What is the definition of
"wealth" in economics?
Answer:
Materials that have value in exchange.
What is the key difference between wealth
and resources regarding harm?
Answer:
Resources bring welfare; wealth can be harmful (like poison).
"All wealth is a resource, but not all resources are wealth." Why?
Answer:
Some resources (like air) are abundant and cannot be exchanged for money.
Is education a resource or wealth?
Answer:
It is a resource (it does not have a market price in exchange).
Why is poison not considered a resource?
Answer:
Because its use is harmful or dangerous to humans.
Which country is highly developed despite a
scarcity of natural resources?
Answer:
Japan (or Switzerland).
Classification of
Resources
What are the three categories of resources
based on origin?
Answer:
Natural, man-made, and human resources.
What is a "natural resource"?
Answer:
Materials like sunshine, air, and minerals that remain distributed on Earth
after natural formation.
Give two examples of natural resources used
as energy.
Answer:
Coal and mineral oil.
Define "biotic resource".
Answer:
Resources that have life, such as plants and animals.
Define "abiotic resource".
Answer:
Resources without life, such as soil, rocks, and water.
Are mineral oil and natural gas biotic or
abiotic in the present context?
Answer:
Abiotic (though they have an organic origin).
What is a "renewable resource"?
Answer:
Resources that do not get exhausted after use and can be regenerated.
Give three examples of renewable resources.
Answer:
Sunshine, air, and water.
What is a "Non-Renewable
Resource"?
Answer:
Resources that cannot be regenerated and are completely exhausted after use.
Give three examples of non-renewable
resources.
Answer:
Coal, petroleum, and iron.
Define "Individual Resource".
Answer:
Things in possession of an individual, like land or a working skill.
Define "national resource".
Answer:
Resources under the possession of a country, like its transport networks and
forests.
Give an example of a national resource.
Answer:
Kaziranga National Park.
Define "international resource".
Answer:
Resources belonging to the whole world, like oceans and the atmosphere.
What is a "ubiquitous resource"?
Answer:
Natural resources are found everywhere, like sunshine and air.
What is a "localised resource"?
Answer:
Resources found only in selected specific places, like iron ore or petroleum.
Is water a renewable or non-renewable
resource?
Answer:
Renewable resource.
Is gold a biotic or abiotic resource?
Answer:
Abiotic resource.
Is an irrigation canal a natural or
man-made resource?
Answer:
Man-made resource.
Is good character a personal or national
resource?
Answer:
Personal/individual resource.
Under whose possession is the atmosphere?
Answer:
It is an international resource.
Name one solid natural resource.
Answer:
Soil (or Minerals).
Name one gaseous natural resource.
Answer:
Air (or Natural Gas).
Is a plant a biotic or abiotic resource?
Answer:
Biotic resource.
Which resource originated very easily on
Earth?
Answer:
Renewable resources.
Resource Conservation
What is meant by "conservation of
resources"?
Answer:
The concept of complete utilisation of any resource without destruction or
misuse.
What is the main objective of resource
conservation?
Answer:
To use resources so we continue to benefit from them for a long time.
Does conservation mean not using resources
at all?
Answer:
No, it means proper use without wastage.
Why is conservation needed for
non-renewable resources?
Answer:
Because they are limited and cannot be regenerated.
What is the effect of forest destruction on
animals?
Answer:
Decline of habitat and loss of biodiversity.
Name two endangered animals of Assam.
Answer:
Pigmy Hog and Golden Langur.
Name two valuable plant species of Assam that are becoming extinct.
Answer:
Sarpagandha and Agaru.
What environmental problem is caused by the excessive use of coal and petroleum?
Answer:
Pollution of air and water.
What is the full form of IUCN?
Answer:
International Union for Conservation of Nature.
When was the IUCN formed?
Answer:
1948.
Who was the founding director-general of
UNESCO?
Answer:
Julian Huxley.
Which international body manages
international resources?
Answer:
United Nations Organisation (UNO).
What is the full form of WWF?
Answer:
World Wide Fund for Nature.
When is World Environment Day celebrated?
Answer:
5th June.
Which ministry in India handles the environment
and forests?
Answer:
Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change.
Name an autonomous forestry institute in
India formed in 1986.
Answer:
Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education.
Name a non-governmental organisation in
Assam working for biodiversity.
Answer:
Aaranyak (or Assam Science Society).
What is "Search for Alternative
Resources"?
Answer:
Carrying out research to find replacements for highly used resources.
Give an example of an alternative resource
for cotton fibre.
Answer:
Synthetic fibre.
Give an example of an alternative to
natural rubber.
Answer:
Synthetic rubber.
What is "Recycling"?
Answer:
Reusing disposed garbage (like plastic or iron) through a transformation
process.
Give an example of a material that can be
recycled.
Answer:
Paper (or plastic bottles/iron scraps).
What is "innovation" in
conservation?
Answer:
Developing new ways to convert natural materials into usable forms efficiently.
Why should we use organic fertiliser
instead of chemical fertiliser?
Answer:
To check the negative impact on the environment.
What is "Waste Control"?
Answer:
Checking the production of waste while converting raw materials into resources.
How can wood waste be controlled?
Answer:
By using waste wood and bamboo to produce paper or chemicals.
Why is the expansion of knowledge essential for
resource management?
Answer:
To increase awareness and check unnecessary wastage.
Why is proper assessment of resource
reserves necessary?
Answer:
To curtail unnecessary use and plan for alternatives.
Is solar energy a renewable or
non-renewable resource?
Answer:
Renewable resource.
What is the role of conservation acts?
Answer:
To provide a strict and transparent implementation of conservation programmes.
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