GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA
Q: Where is India situated?
Answer: India is situated in the Northern Hemisphere of the Earth.
Q: In which continent is India located?
Answer: India lies in Asia.
Q: What type of country is India?
Answer: India is a large democratic country.
Q: What is India full of?
Answer: India is full of diversity.
Q: Why does India have so much diversity?
Answer: India has so much diversity because of different climates, physical features and socio-economic conditions.
Q: Give two examples of climate diversity in India.
Answer: One example is the severe cold climate in the snow-covered Himalayas.
Another example is the very hot climate in the dry, sandy desert of Rajasthan.
Q: Why do some places in India get heavy rainfall while others face water scarcity?
Answer: Some places in India get heavy rainfall, while others face water scarcity due to uneven distribution of rainfall in different regions of India.
Q: Which hemisphere does India lie in?
Answer: India lies in the northern hemisphere.
Q: What does the term "diversity" mean in the context of India?
Answer: The term “diversity” in the context of India means differences in climate, land, people and living conditions across India.
Q: Which is the largest continent in the world?
Answer: Asia is the largest continent in the world.
Q: Where is India located in Asia?
Answer: India is situated in the southern part of Asia.
Q: What lies to the north of India?
Answer: The Himalayas and China lie to the north of India.
Q: What lies to the south of India?
Answer: The Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka lie to the south of India.
Q: What lies to the east of India?
Answer: The Bay of Bengal, Myanmar, and Bangladesh lie to the east of India.
Q: What lies to the west of India?
Answer: The Arabian Sea and Pakistan lie to the west of India.
Q: How far does India extend from north to south?
Answer: India extends 3,214 km from north to south.
Q: How far does India extend from east to west?
Answer: India extends 2,933 km from east to west.
Q: Between which latitudes is India located?
Answer: India is located between 8°4' N and 37°17' N latitudes.
Q: Between which longitudes is India located?
Answer: India is located between 68°7' E and 97°24' E longitudes.
Q: Which important latitude passes through the middle of India?
Answer: The Tropic of Cancer (23°30' N) passes through the middle of India.
Q: What does the Tropic of Cancer divide India into?
Answer: The Tropic of Cancer divides India into two equal parts:
the northern part
the southern part
Q: Which seas surround the southern part of India?
Answer: The southern part of India is surrounded by:
Bay of Bengal in the east
Arabian Sea in the west
Indian Ocean in the south
Q: How long is India’s coastline?
Answer: India has a coastline of about 6,100 km.
Q: Why are India’s coasts important?
Answer: India’s coasts are important because many major ports are located along them.
Q: What is the total length of India’s land boundary?
Answer: India has a land boundary of 15,200 km.
Q: What physical features are found in India?
Answer: Physical features found in India are mountains, hills, plateaus, plains, and floodplains.
Q: What causes social and economic differences in India?
Answer: Differences in climate, soil, and landforms cause social and economic variations/differences in India.
Q: What are some examples of India’s social diversity?
Answer: People in India have different languages, dresses, food habits, and customs.
Q: What is the main feature of Indian society and culture?
Answer: The main feature of Indian society and culture is diversity.
Q: Despite many diversities, what kind of country is India?
Answer: India is a united and sovereign country.
Q: What keeps India united?
Answer: India stays united because of shared culture, similar climate, improved transport, communication, and strong administration.
Q: Why is India considered a land of diversity?
Answer: India has many types of climates, soils, and landforms. People in different regions speak different languages, wear different clothes and follow different customs. All these differences make India a land of diversity.
Q: What does the Tropic of Cancer do in India?
Answer: The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India at 23°30' N latitude. It divides the country into two almost equal parts: the northern part and the southern part.
Q: What are the boundaries of India in the four directions?
Answer: To the north are the Himalayas and China, to the south are the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka, to the east are the Bay of Bengal and Myanmar, and to the west are the Arabian Sea and Pakistan.
Q: What is the north-south and east-west extent of India?
Answer: India stretches 3,214 km from north to south and 2,933 km from east to west.
Q: What physical features are found in India?
Answer: India has mountains, hills, plateaus, plains and floodplains. These features create great physical diversity in the country.
Q: Why are India’s coasts important?
Answer: India’s long coastline of about 6,100 km has many major ports. These ports help in trade and commerce within the country and with other countries.
Q: How do climate and landforms affect social life in India?
Answer: Different climates and landforms create different lifestyles. People in snowy areas live differently from people in deserts or plains. This leads to social and economic differences among regions.
Q: Describe India’s location with reference to latitudes and longitudes.
Answer: India is located between 8°4' N and 37°17' N latitudes. It lies between 68°7' E and 97°24' E longitudes. The Tropic of Cancer (23°30' N) passes through the middle of the country, dividing it into two equal parts.
Q: Explain the physical diversities found in India.
Answer: India has many kinds of physical features. The northern part has the snow-covered Himalayas. The western part has the hot Thar Desert. The central region has plateaus, while the northern plains have fertile floodplains. These variations make India physically diverse.
Q: How has India’s diversity influenced its social and cultural life?
Answer: In India, people speak many languages, eat different kinds of food, wear different clothes and follow different customs. This is because their lives are influenced by the climate, soil and landforms of their region. These differences have created rich social and cultural diversity across the country.
Q: Describe India’s boundaries and water bodies surrounding it.
Answer: India is surrounded by the Himalayas and China in the north, the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka in the south, the Bay of Bengal and Myanmar in the east, and the Arabian Sea and Pakistan in the west. The large seas and oceans around India also help in trade and travel.
Q: Why is India said to be united despite so many diversities?
Answer:
Even though people in India differ in language, food, dress and customs, they
share a common cultural heritage. Transport, communication and good
administration connect the whole country. This unity among people makes India a
strong and sovereign nation.
Q. What is India's rank in the world by size (area)?
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Q. What is the total area of
India? Answer: The total area of India is 3,287,263 km2. Q. Why is India often called a
'subcontinent'? Answer: It's called a subcontinent because of its large size
and vast extension. |
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Q. Name the countries that border
India in the West and North. Answer: India is bordered by Pakistan in the West and China,
Nepal, and Bhutan in the North. |
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Q. What is the name of the
latitude line that divides India into two climatic zones? Answer: The Tropic of Cancer runs across the middle of the
country, dividing it into a northern (temperate) and southern (tropical) part. Q. Name the four major physiographic divisions of India. Answer: The four major divisions are: 1. The Northern Himalayas, 2. The Northern Plains, 3. The Deccan Plateau, and 4. The Coastal Region. Q. Which major landforms cover the largest and smallest areas of India? Answer: The Plains cover the largest area (43.3%), while the Mountains cover the smallest area (10.7%) of India. Q. What are the names of the two main mountain ranges in Southern India? Answer: The Western Ghats (West) and the Eastern Ghats (East). Q. What are the names of the two main mountain ranges in Southern India? Answer: The Plains cover the largest area (43.3%), while the Mountains cover the smallest area (10.7%). Q. What is the dry, sandy plain in the western part of India known as? Answer: It is known as the Rajasthan plain or the Thar Desert. Q. How were the Himalayas formed? Answer: The Himalayas were formed from the sediments of the ancient Tethys sea that were squeezed out and folded when the northern (Angaraland) and southern (Gondwanaland) landmasses moved towards each other. They are therefore called folded mountains. Q. Name the three parallel ranges of the Himalayas in the east-west direction. Answer: 1. The Higher Himalayas, 2. The Lesser Himalayas, and 3. The Outer Himalayas (also called Siwaliks in some places). Q. Why are the Himalayas important for the North Indian rivers? Answer: The higher peaks of the Himalayas are covered by snow and glaciers. These glaciers are the main source of numerous North Indian rivers that flow out of the Himalayas. Q. How was the vast Northern Plain created? Answer: The Northern plain was created by the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra rivers and their countless tributaries, which deposit alluvial sediments. Q. Name the two principal rivers of North India. Answer: Ganga and Brahmaputra. Q. Give two reasons why the Ganga Plain is densely populated. Answer: Ganga Plain has fertile soils and good transport facilities. Q. What is the general slope of the Deccan Plateau? Answer: It is higher towards the Western Ghats and slopes towards the Eastern Ghats. Q. Which direction do most South Indian rivers flow and why? Answer: Most South Indian rivers flow from West to East (towards the Bay of Bengal) because this follows the general slope of the Deccan plateau. Examples: Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri. Q. Name the two major rivers that flow westward. Answer: The Narmada and Tapti rivers flow towards the west into the Gulf of Cambay, as the region between the Satpura and Vindhya mountains slopes from East to West. Q. State two ways South Indian rivers differ from North Indian rivers. Answer: (Any two of the following): Water
flow: South Indian rivers may dry out in
winter (seasonal flow), while North Indian rivers flow throughout the year (perennial
flow). Navigability: South Indian rivers are generally not navigable because
they are swift-flowing, while North Indian rivers are navigable. Age/Course: South Indian rivers are older, flow in a definite course
over hard rocks, and do not change channels often. North Indian rivers are
younger and frequently change channels.
Hydropower: South Indian rivers are very suitable for hydropower
generation because they are swift-flowing and carry less sediment. Q. Name the two coasts that make up India's coastal region. Answer: The Eastern Coastal Region (along the Bay of Bengal) and the Western Coastal Region (along the Arabian Sea). Q. How are the Eastern and Western coasts different? Answer: The Eastern Coast is wider and more fertile because of the deltas created by major rivers. The Western Coast is generally long but narrow. Q. Name the northern and southern parts of the Eastern Coastal Region. Answer: The northern part is the Northern Circars, and the southern part is the Coromandal Coast. Q. Name the two major groups of Indian islands and the seas they are located in. Answer: 1. Lakshadweep (in the Arabian Sea) and 2. Andaman and Nicobar Islands (in the Bay of Bengal). Q. Name the two types of monsoons that blow in India. Answer: South-West Monsoons (in summer) and North-East Monsoons (in winter). Q. Which monsoon is responsible for most of India's annual rainfall? Answer: The South-West Monsoons. Q. Why do the western coasts (Konkan and Malabar) receive high rainfall? Answer: The western coasts (Konkan and Malabar) receive high rainfall because the South-West Monsoons pick up a huge amount of moisture from the Arabian Sea and hit the Western Ghats, causing heavy rain. Q. Why does Mumbai have a pleasant climate? Answer: Mumbai enjoys a pleasant climate because of its location near the sea, which moderates the temperature variation between summer and winter. |
Q. Compare the Western Coastal Plain
and the Eastern Coastal Plain based on width and fertility.
Answer: The Eastern
Coastal Plain is relatively wider and more fertile because it is
made up of coastal plains and deltas created by the major rivers of the Deccan
Plateau. The Western Coastal Plain is narrower, with a width
ranging between 10 km and 15 km.
Q. State major differences in
population density between the North Indian and South Indian river valleys.
Answer: The river
valleys of North India are densely populated because they have
fertile valleys. The river valleys of South India are comparatively
less fertile, and hence the population density is not so high there.
Q. Give two reasons why the North
Indian plains are agriculturally advanced.
Answer: The Northern Plains are agriculturally advanced due to their fertile alluvial soils and the presence of good transport facilities (in the Ganga plain, specifically).
Answer:
South Indian rivers are swift-flowing
and carry a lesser amount of sediment load, making them very suitable
for hydropower generation. North Indian rivers are not swift-flowing and carry
a high sediment load, which makes them less suitable for hydropower generation.
Q. Name two major tributaries of the
Brahmaputra River from its north bank and two from its south bank.
Answer:
North Bank Tributaries: Subansiri
and Jia-Bharali.
South
Bank Tributaries: Burhi Dihing and Disang.
Q. Name the major lakes found in
India and the regions they are located in.
Answer:
The major lakes are the Ular
in Kashmir, the Puskar and Samber in Rajputana, Chilka in
Orissa, the Kolar and Policot in Tamil Nadu (Tamil Nadu), and Loktok
in Manipur.
Q7. Identify the ancient landmasses
located to the north and south of the Tethys Sea.
Answer: The Angaraland was located to the north, and Gondwanaland was located to the south of the Tethys Sea.
Q8. What are the Himalayas called
and why, based on their formation process?
Answer: The Himalayas are
called folded mountains based on their formation process. This is because the sediments squeezed out of
the Tethys Sea took wavy forms, creating folded mountain ranges.
Answer: The high
Himalayas protect India from the cold winds blowing from the north,
preventing Northern India from experiencing excessive cold.
Q. Why is the climate of the
southern part of India generally warmer than the northern part?
Answer: The
Tropic of Cancer divides India into the Northern and the Southern parts. The southern part falls in the tropical
climatic zone, while the northern part falls in the temperate climatic zone.
Thus, the south is relatively warmer.
Q. Name the place in the Meghalaya
plateau that receives very high annual rainfall and state the amount.
Answer: The Cherrapunji
area of the Meghalaya plateau receives about 1250 cm of rainfall
annually.
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