The Burmese Invasion of Assam
Mind Map: Burmese Invasion of Assam
The central theme is the BURMESE INVASION OF ASSAM.
1. Key Invasions (The Main Events)
1817 Invasion (First
Cause: Badanchandra Barphukan sought help from the Burmese King Bodawpaya against the powerful Prime Minister, Purnananda Buragohain
. Result: Burmese defeated the Ahom army; Purnananda Buragohain died
. Badanchandra was appointed Mantri Barphukan . The Burmese returned home quickly .
1819 Invasion (Second)
Cause: To avenge the assassination of Badanchandra Barphukan in 1818
. Result: Burmese restored Chandrakanta Singha to the throne
. Purandhar Singha and Ruchinath fled to British territory .
1821 Invasion (Third)
Cause: Chandrakanta Singha tried to block the Burmese routes by building a fort
. The new Burmese King Bagyidaw was enraged . Result: Chandrakanta Singha fled to the English
. The Burmese installed a puppet king, Jogeswar Singha ("Maane Pata Raja") .
2. Causes of the Invasion
Importance/Autocracy of Purnananda Buragohain: He was all-powerful, kept minor kings as puppets, and his stern measures made officials unhappy
. Conflict between Badanchandra and Purnananda: The bitter rivalry led Badanchandra to seek foreign help
.
Expansion Policy: Since the time of King Alaungpaya, Burma has wanted to extend its frontier westward, towards Manipur and Cachar
. Against the British: The Burmese wanted to use Assam as a military base against the English
. Refugee Issue: Tension with the English grew after the British refused to send back Arakanese refugees
.
3. The Period of Terror: 'Maanar Din'
Time Period: 1821 A.D. to 1825 A.D.
Impact: A reign of terror
. Villages were plundered and burnt
. Terrible atrocities were committed against the people
. People became fugitives (bhagania), leading to the period known as 'Maan Bhaganar Din'
. Trade and agriculture suffered
.
4. Results of the Invasion
Fall of Ahom Rule: Paved the way for the downfall of the six-hundred-year-old Ahom rule
. Ahom Kings as Puppets: The kings became nominal rulers under the Burmese tutelage
. Political Instability: The internal conflict and lack of military strength led to total instability
. Intervention by the British: This weakness and the Burmese aggression eventually led to the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–26) and the Treaty of Yandaboo
.
Q: What did the people of Assam refer to the Burmese people
as?
Answer: 'Maan'.
Q: What was the King of Burma referred to as by the people of
Assam?
Answer: 'Maan Raja'.
Q: What is the period from 1821 A.D. to 1825 A.D. often
referred to in Assam history?
Answer: 'Maanar Din'.
Q: What does the period 'Maan Bhaganar Din' refer to?
Answer: The period when people fled as fugitives (bhagania)
due to the atrocities committed by the Burmese.
Q: Which king was popularly known as "Maane Pata
Raja"?
Answer: Jogeswar Singha.
Q: What does "Maane Pata Raja" mean?
Answer: "King installed by the Burmese".
Q: What was the name of the rebellion in Kamrup led by
Haradutta and Biradatta Choudhury?
Answer: 'Danduadroah'.
Q: Which revolt was also known as the Panimua rebellion?
Answer: The rebellion led by Panimua against Purnananda Buragohain
during the reign of Kamaleswar Singha.
Q: Name the two scribes who wrote notes on the Burmese
military operations in Assam.
Answer: 'Baishali Hukong' and 'Baishali
Mung-dun-sun-kham'.
Q: Who succeeded Ahom King Gaurinath Singha?
Answer: Kamaleswar Singha.
Q: Who was the Ahom Prime Minister who became very powerful
and tried to restrict foreign interference?
Answer: Purnananda Buragohain.
Q: Who was Badanchandra Barphukan's daughter, who married
Purnananda's son?
Answer: Pijou Gabharu.
Q: Who replaced Badanchandra as the Barphukan of Gauhati after
being held responsible for the 'Danduadroah' revolt?
Answer: Kaliabhomora.
Q: What title did the Ahom king confer on Kaliabhomora for
suppressing the 'Danduadroah' revolt?
Answer: 'Pratapballabh'.
Q: Who was the Burmese king during the capture of Arakan in
1784 A.D.?
Answer: Bodawpaya.
Q: Who was the Assamese queen of the Burmese king who helped
Badanchandra get military aid?
Answer: Rangili Aidew.
Q: Who assassinated Badanchandra Barphukan in 1818?
Answer: A Subedar named Rup Singh.
Q: Who was the son of Purnananda Buragohain who succeeded him?
Answer: Ruchinath.
Q: Who led the Burmese force in the Second Burmese Invasion of
1819 A.D.?
Answer: A general named Ala Mingi.
Q: Who succeeded Bodawpaya as the King of Burma?
Answer: His grandson, Bagyidaw.
Q: Who was the supervisor of the fort construction at Jaypur
who was killed by Mingimaha Tilwa?
Answer: Patal Barbarua.
Q: Who was installed on the Ahom throne by the Burmese in 1821
A.D. after Chandrakanta Singha fled?
Answer: Prince Jogeswar Singha.
Q: When did the Burmese first invade Assam?
Answer: 1817.
Q: When did the second Burmese invasion of Assam take place?
Answer: 1819.
Q: When did the third Burmese invasion of Assam take place?
Answer: 1821.
Q: In which year was the Kaliabhomora bridge constructed?
Answer: 1987.
Q: At which place did the Burmese army under Badanchandra
first defeat the Ahoms?
Answer: Ghiladhari.
Q: Name the battle considered to be the last one fought to
revive the independence of Assam.
Answer: The Battle of Mahagarh.
Q: What was the last frontier outpost of Assam where
Chandrakanta was defeated?
Answer: Hadirachowki.
Answer: Q: What was the time period of Ahom king Gaurinath
Singha's reign?
Answer: 1780–1795.
Q: Who succeeded Kamaleswar Singha to the Ahom throne?
Answer: Chandrakanta Singha.
Q: During which rebellion did the Burmese first try to
intervene in the politics of Assam?
Answer: The Moamoria rebellion.
Q: In which part of Assam did the Moamorias, along with the
Burmese and Singphos, attack?
Answer: Bengmara (present-day Tinsukia) in Upper Assam.
Q: Who was the chief of the Singphos to whom the Buragohain
diplomatically gave an Ahom girl named Rangili?
Answer: Bichanong.
Q: Who was the Ahom girl that Bichanong presented to the
Burmese king Bodawpaya?
Answer: Rangili.
Q: Who helped Badanchandra against Purnananda?
Answer: Rangili.
Q: Who led the revolt against the Ahom king in Kamrup with the
help of a Burkandaze force of Bengal?
Answer: Haradutta and Biradutta Choudhury.
Q: Who was the Barphukan of Gauhati before Kaliabhomora?
Answer: Badanchandra.
Q: Which two districts did the Kaliabhomora bridge connect
when it was constructed?
Answer: Sonitpur and Nagaon districts.
Q: What is the length of the Kaliabhomora bridge?
Answer: 3015 meters.
Q: Which Ahom king fled from his capital to Gauhati during the
Moamoria rebellion?
Answer: Gaurinath Singha.
Q: Who thought that peace and order were restored
due to the relentless efforts of Purnananda Buragohain after the Moamoria
rebellion?
Answer: Edward Gait.
Q: For how long did Purnananda keep the news of Swargadeo
Gaurinath Singha's death a secret?
Answer: A year.
Q: In which year did Kamaleswar Singha die?
Answer: 1810 A.D
Q: Who was made the Charingia Phukan and given a seat near the
king after becoming friends with Chandrakanta Singha?
Answer: Satram.
Q: Where was Satram banished before he was killed by Naga
miscreants?
Answer: Namrup.
Q: Who was the son of Purnananda Buragohain?
Answer: Oreshanath.
Q: Who was the Barphukan accused of misappropriating the gold
and silver of temples like Kamakhya and Hajo?
Answer: Badanchandra.
Q: Who was the British official Badanchandra met at Rangpur
(Bengal) before arriving in Calcutta?
Answer: David Scott.
Q: To which capital city of Burma did Badan Barphukan go to
seek the king's assistance?
Answer: Amarapura.
Q: Which Burmese king initiated efforts for the extension of
the frontier?
Answer: King Alaungpaya.
Q: Name two territories to which the Burmese King expanded his
territories.
Answer: Manipur and Cachar.
Q: The occupation of which territory in 1784 A.D. led to the
establishment of the political supremacy of the Burmese in the entire Bay of
Bengal region?
Answer: Arakan.
Q: To which region did the Arakanese refugees flee from
Burmese exploitation?
Answer: British territories of Bengal.
Q: How many Arakanese took refuge in the British territories of
Bengal?
Answer: Around forty thousand.
Q: Which island and port marked the extent of Burmese
political supremacy in the Bay of Bengal region?
Answer: Margui Island to Chattagram port.
Q: Who was the Assamese queen of the Burmese king, who was also
an aunt of Badanchandra?
Answer: Rangili Aidew.
Q: Around how many men did the army sent by Bodawpaya to help
Badanchandra consist of?
Answer: Around 8000 men.
Q: Who led the Ahom army sent by Purnananda Buragohain to stop
the advancing Burmese invaders in 1817?
Answer: Daman Gogoi and Hau Bora.
Q: Where was the battle fought in which the Burmese army under
Badanchandra was first victorious?
Answer: Ghiladhari.
Q: Where did Ruchinath flee after the defeat at Kathalbari?
Answer: Gauhati.
Q: Which city did the Burmese occupy during the First Burmese
Invasion?
Answer: Jorhat.
Q: Who was the king-mother who made elaborate arrangements to
welcome Badan in the capital?
Answer: Numali Rajmao.
Q: After his victory, what new designation was given to
Badanchandra when he was made the Prime Minister?
Answer: Mantri Barphukan.
Q: Who was the Ahom girl that Badanchandra presented to the King of
Burma after the 1817 invasion?
Answer: Themo or Hemo Aidew.
Q: What was the main aim of the Burmese invasion of 1817 A.D.?
Answer: To safeguard Badan Barphukan and Swargadeo Chandrakanta
Singha from Purnananda Buragohain.
Q: What was the relationship between Numali Rajmao and King
Chandrakanta Singha?
Answer: She was his mother.
Q: Where was Ruchinath Buragohain when he was summoned to
Jorhat after Badanchandra's assassination?
Answer: Gauhati.
Q: With whose help did Ruchinath advance towards Jorhat after
Badanchandra's assassination?
Answer: Brajanath Singha and his son Purandhar Singha,
along with some Hindustani soldiers.
Q: Who led the force Chandrakanta Singha sent against
Ruchinath?
Answer: Luku Dekaphukan.
Q: Who was proclaimed as the new Ahom king by Ruchinath?
Answer: Brajanath Singha (a grandson of Swargadeo Rajeswar
Singha).
Q: Why was Brajanath Singha considered ineligible for the
throne?
Answer: He had suffered mutilation.
Q: How was Chandrakanta Singha disqualified from sitting on
the throne again after his capture in 1818?
Answer: His right ear was slit.
Q: To which place near Jorhat was Chandrakanta Singha
banished?
Answer: Taratali.
Q: Where did the first engagement of the Second Burmese
Invasion take place?
Answer: Phulapanichiga, near the Janji River.
Q: Who led the Ahom army during the first engagement of the
Second Burmese Invasion?
Answer: Jagannath Dhekial Phukan (Ruchinath's brother).
Q: Who was appointed as the Barphukan after the Burmese
reinstated Chandrakanta Singha in 1819?
Answer: A son of Badanchandra.
Q: Who was appointed as the Barbarua after the Burmese
reinstated Chandrakanta Singha in 1819?
Answer: Patal Barua.
Q: Who was left behind with a body of Burmese troops to help
Chandrakanta after Ala Mingi returned to Burma?
Answer: Mingimaha Tilwa.
Q: Where did Chandrakanta Singha plan to construct a fort to
prevent further Burmese inroads?
Answer: Jaypur.
Q: Who was given the responsibility of supervising the
construction of the fort at Jaypur?
Answer: Patal Barbarua.
Q: Who killed Patal Barbarua?
Answer: Mingimaha Tilwa.
Q: How long did Jogeswar Singha rule as the puppet king
installed by the Burmese?
Answer: From 1821 A.D. to 1825.
Q: Which city did the Burmese soon occupy in Lower Assam after
installing Jogeswar Singha?
Answer: Gauhati.
Q: Who did Chandrakanta Singha and Purandhar Singha enlist to
fight against the Burmese after the English refused to help?
Answer: Some mercenaries of Bengal.
Q: Who further strengthened the Burmese army during the
conflict around the Battle of Hadirachowki?
Answer: Another commander, Mingimaha Bandula.
Q: What did the Burmese invasion of Assam pave the way for?
Answer: The downfall of the six-hundred-year-old Ahom rule.
Q: For how long did the Ahom rule last before their downfall was
paved by the Burmese invasion?
Answer: Six hundred years.
Q: What was the status of the Ahom kings under the Burmese
rule?
Answer: They were nominal rulers and under the tutelage
of the Burmese king.
Q: Who is commonly held responsible for the Burmese invasion
of Assam?
Answer: Badanchandra Barphukan.
Q: Who do some scholars believe was equally responsible for
the Burmese invasion along with Badanchandra?
Answer: Purnananda Buragohain.
Q: When did Ahom king Gaurinath Singha die?
Answer: 1795.
Q: When did Kamaleswar Singha die?
Answer: 1810 A.D
Q: When was Arakan captured by the Burmese?
Answer: 1784 A.D
Q: In which year was Badanchandra Barphukan assassinated?
Answer: 1818.
Q: When was the Kaliabhomora bridge constructed?
Answer: 1987.
Q: In which year was Chandrakanta Singha installed on the Ahom
throne by the Burmese for the second time?
Answer: 1819.
Q: In which year was Jogeswar Singha installed on the Ahom
throne?
Answer: 1821 A.D
Q: Jogeswar Singha ruled until which year?
Answer: 1825.
Q: What was the duration of the reign of Jogeswar Singha?
Answer: 1821 to 1825.
Q: When did Bodawpaya die?
Answer: Between 1819 and 1821 (before the Third Invasion).
Q: What was the name of the rebellion led by Panimua?
Answer: Panimua rebellion.
Q: The 'Danduadroah' revolt was suppressed by whom?
Answer: Kaliabhomora.
Q: Who was the king-mother who conspired to get rid of
Badanchandra?
Answer: Numali Rajmao.
Question: Discuss the main political reasons and immediate events that led to the Burmese Invasion of Assam.
Answer: The
Burmese Invasion (which the Assamese called 'Maan Invasion') was mainly
caused by serious internal weaknesses and fights within the Ahom Kingdom.
A. Internal Conflict: The
Ahom Kingdom was already weak due to continuous rebellions (like the Moamoria
Rebellion). This weakness was made worse by a bitter fight between two powerful
officers:
- Purnananda Buragohain: He was the Prime Minister and had become very
powerful.
- Badanchandra Barphukan: He was the Barphukan (Governor) of Guwahati and was
known for being cruel.
- Purnananda planned to arrest
Badanchandra to stop his cruelty.
- To save himself, Badanchandra
fled from Assam.
B. Badanchandra's Invitation:
- Badanchandra went straight to
the court of the King of Burma and asked for military help to get his
position back and fight Purnananda.
- He convinced the Burmese King, Bodawpaya,
that the Ahom Kingdom was rich and easy to defeat.
C. Burmese Ambition:
- The Burmese rulers already had
an expansionist policy, meaning they wanted to expand their empire.
- Badanchandra’s invitation gave
them the perfect excuse to send a large army to Assam in 1817, starting
the cycle of invasions.
Question: Describe the three Burmese Invasions of Assam between 1817 and 1821 and state the outcome of each.
Answer: The Burmese invaded Assam three times in a
short period, which caused great suffering for the people (a time often
remembered as the 'Maanar Din' or "Maan's
Rule").
|
Invasion |
Year |
Main Reason |
Outcome |
First Invasion
|
1817 A.D.
|
Badanchandra Barphukan
invited the Burmese to defeat his rival, Prime Minister Purnananda
Buragohain.
|
The Burmese won easily
at Ghiladhari. Purnananda Buragohain died of shock. Badanchandra was made Prime
Minister with the help of the Burmese. The Burmese army left shortly after.
|
Second Invasion
|
1819 A.D.
|
Badanchandra was killed
by an Ahom noble. The Burmese came back to take revenge for his death.
|
The Burmese army crushed
the Ahom resistance. They replaced the current king with Chandrakanta Singha, but
he was merely a puppet king under Burmese control.
|
Third Invasion
|
1821 A.D.
|
King Chandrakanta Singha
tried to free himself from Burmese control. The Burmese King, Bagyidaw,
decided to annex (fully take over) Assam.
|
This was the most
serious invasion. The Burmese won completely, removed Chandrakanta Singha,
and took direct
control of the Ahom Kingdom. This established Burmese rule in Assam.
|
Question: Explain the major consequences and historical significance of the Burmese Invasion on the Ahom Kingdom.
Answer: The Burmese Invasions were a turning point in the history of
Assam. They completely destroyed the Ahom Kingdom and cleared the way for the
entry of the British.
1. Downfall of the Ahom Rule
· The invasion marked the complete end of the 600-year-old Ahom rule.
· The Ahom kings became nominal rulers (just kings in name) or puppets controlled by the Burmese King.
2. Political Instability and Chaos
· The constant fighting and loss of military strength created massive political instability.
· The period of Burmese rule was a time of great cruelty, loot, and violence, leading to a huge loss of life and property in Assam.
3. Entry of the British
· This is the most important result. When the Burmese took over Assam, their empire started touching the borders of British India (Bengal).
· The aggressive Burmese army became a direct threat to the British. This led to the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–1826).
4. The Treaty of Yandaboo
· After the British
defeated the Burmese in 1826, they signed a treaty called the Treaty of
Yandaboo.
· This treaty officially ended the war and, most importantly, the Burmese agreed to withdraw completely from Assam and other parts of Northeast India.
· This ultimately put Assam
under the control of the British, starting the era of British rule in
Assam.
Q. Which country was won by the Burmese in 1784 during the regime of the Burmese king Bodawpaya?
Answer: Arakan.
Q. From when did the enmity between the Burmese and the British begin?
Answer: The enmity between the Burmese and the British began after 1784, when the Burmese conquered Arakan. About 40,000 Arakanese refugees fled to British Bengal, and Bodawpaya's pressure on Britain to return them created tension.
Q. Name the king of Cachar who fled to Srihatta, unable to tolerate the Burmese oppression?
Answer: Govind Chandra.
Q. Purnananda Buragohain died after hearing the news of the defeat of the Ahoms in which battle?
Answer: Battle of Ghiladhari (1817).
Q. What is 'Baishali Hukong'?
Answer: 'Baishali Hukong' was a written record/notes made by a scribe about Burmese military operations in Assam.
Q. What is 'Baishali Mung-dun-Sun Kham'?
Answer: It was another written record/notes made by a scribe about Burmese military operations in Assam.
Q. Who was the Prime Minister of Assam when the Burmese army came with Badanchandra?
Answer: Purnananda Buragohain.
Q. What was the strength of the Burmese army which came to Assam with Badanchandra?
Answer: Around 8,000 men (sent by King Bodawpaya).
Q. How many additional soldiers did Badanchandra collect on his arrival in Assam?
Answer: 8,000 more soldiers from the tributary kings of Burma.
Q. What was the title given by Chandrakanta Singha to Badanchandra on his appointment as the Prime Minister?
Answer: Mantri Barphukan.
Q. Mention the years in which the Burmese invasions took place?
Answer: 1817, 1819, and 1821.
Q. When was Badanchandra killed or assassinated?
Answer: 1818 A.D.
Q. What did Assamese people call the Burmese?
Answer:
"Maan"
Q. What did they call the King of Burma?
Answer:
"Maan Raja".
Q. Who succeeded Ahom king Gaurinath Singha?
Answer:
Kamaleswar Singha.
Q. Who was the Ahom Prime Minister during the Moamoria
rebellion?
Answer:
Purnananda Buragohain.
Q. What title was given to the Moamoria leader?
Answer: Bar
Senapati.
Q. Who was the Singpho chief?
Answer:
Bichanong.
Q. What was the name of the Ahom girl given to Bichanong?
Answer: Rangili.
Q. Who presented Rangili to the Burmese king?
Answer: Bichanong.
Q. Who helped Badanchandra against Purnananda later?
Answer: Rangili Aidew.
Q. What was the revolt in Kamrup called?
Answer: Danduadroah.
Q. Who replaced Badanchandra as Barphukan of Gauhati?
Answer: Kaliabhomora.
Q. What title was given to Kaliabhomora?
Answer: Pratapballabh.
Q. What was Kaliabhomora's dream that came true in 1987?
Answer: Bridge on Brahmaputra at
Silghat (Kaliabhomora Bridge).
Q. What was Purnananda Buragohain's nature?
Answer: Despotic and arrogant.
Q. Who was the historian who praised Purnananda's
efforts?
Answer: Edward Gait.
Q. In which year did Kamaleswar Singha die?
Answer: 1810 A.D.
Q. What was the rebellion against Purnananda led by
Panimua called?
Answer: Panimua rebellion.
Q. Who was the youth befriended by King Chandrakanta?
Answer: Satram.
Q. What position was Satram given?
Answer: Charingia Phukan.
Q. Who warned Badanchandra about his removal?
Answer: Pijou Gabharu (his daughter).
Q. Where did Badanchandra meet David Scott?
Answer: Rangpur (Bengal).
Q. Who was the Burmese king who helped Badanchandra?
Answer: Bodawpaya.
Q. Who was the Burmese king with imperialistic ambitions?
Answer: Alaungpaya.
Q. In which year was Arakan captured by the Burmese?
Answer: 1784 A.D.
Q. How many Arakanese refugees fled to British Bengal?
Answer: Around forty thousand.
Q. Who was the Burmese queen who helped Badanchandra?
Answer: Rangili Aidew.
Q. How many Burmese soldiers came with Badanchandra in
1817?
Answer: 8,000 men.
Q. How many additional soldiers joined from tributary
kings?
Answer: 8,000 soldiers.
Q. Which route did the Burmese take to enter Assam?
Answer: Via Patkai.
Q. Who led the Ahom army to stop the invaders?
Answer: Daman Gogoi and Hau Bora.
Q. Where was the first battle fought in 1817?
Answer: Ghiladhari.
Q. Who succeeded Purnananda Buragohain after his death?
Answer: His son Ruchinath.
Q. Where was the second engagement fought?
Answer: Kathalbari (east of Dihing).
Q. Where did Ruchinath flee after defeat?
Answer: Gauhati.
Q. What title was given to Badanchandra?
Answer: Mantri Barphukan.
Q. Who made elaborate arrangements to welcome Badan?
Answer: Numali Rajmao (king-mother).
Q. How many scribes accompanied the Burmese army?
Answer: Two.
Q. Name the two scribes who wrote notes.
Answer: Baishali Hukong and Baishali
Mung-dun-sun-kham.
Q. What did Badanchandra present to the Burmese king?
Answer: Themo or Hemo Aidew.
Q. When was Badanchandra assassinated?
Answer: 1818.
Q. Who assassinated Badanchandra?
Answer: Subedar Rup Singh.
Q. Where was Ruchinath summoned from?
Answer: Gauhati.
Q. Who did Ruchinath advance towards Jorhat with?
Answer: Brajanath Singha and his son
Purandhar Singha.
Q. Who did Chandrakanta send against Ruchinath?
Answer: Luku Dekaphukan.
Q. Where did Chandrakanta retire to?
Answer: Rangpur.
Q. Who was proclaimed new king by Ruchinath?
Answer: Brajanath Singha.
Q. Why was Brajanath ineligible for the throne?
Answer: Brajanath had suffered
mutilation.
Q. What was done to Chandrakanta to disqualify him?
Answer: His right ear was slit.
Q. Where was Chandrakanta banished?
Answer: Taratali, near Jorhat.
Q. Who led the Burmese force in the 1819 invasion?
Answer: General Ala Mingi.
Q. Where was the first engagement in 1819?
Answer: Phulapanichiga, near the Janji
River.
Q. Who led the Ahom army in 1819?
Answer: Jagannath Dhekial Phukan
(Ruchinath's brother).
Q. Where did Burmese reinstate Chandrakanta?
Answer: On the Ahom throne.
Q. Who was made Barphukan after the 1819 invasion?
Answer: A son of Badanchandra.
Q. Who was appointed Barbarua?
Answer: Patal Barua.
Q. Who fled to English territories after 1819?
Answer: Purandhar Singha and
Ruchinath.
Q. Who returned to Burma, leaving troops?
Answer: Ala Mingi.
Q. Who was left to help Chandrakanta?
Answer: Mingimaha Tilwa.
Q. Which Burmese king succeeded Bodawpaya?
Answer: Bagyidaw (his grandson).
Q. What was Bagyidaw's nature?
Answer: Very cruel.
Q. What was constructed at Jaypur to block the Burmese?
Answer: A fort.
Q. Who supervised fort construction?
Answer: Patal Barbarua.
Q. Who led the third Burmese invasion in 1821?
Answer: Mingimaha Tilwa.
Q. What did Mingimaha Tilwa do to Patal Barbarua?
Answer: Killed him.
Q. Where did Chandrakanta flee in 1821?
Answer: Gauhati.
Q. Who was installed as king by the Burmese in 1821?
Answer: Jogeswar Singha.
Q. How long did Jogeswar Singha rule?
Answer: Till 1825.
Q. What was Jogeswar Singha popularly called?
Answer: "Maane Pata Raja"
(king installed by the Burmese).
Q. Which places did the Burmese occupy in Lower Assam?
Answer: Gauhati.
Q. What demands did the Burmese make on the English?
Answer: Return fugitive rulers
Chandrakanta and Purandhar.
Q. Who did Chandrakanta enlist when English refused help?
Answer: Mercenaries of Bengal.
Q. Where was Chandrakanta defeated in the last battle?
Answer: Mahagarh.
Q. Where was the last frontier outpost battle?
Answer: Hadirachowki.
Q. Who was the new commander who strengthened the Burmese?
Answer: Mingimaha Bandula.
Q. What is the period 1821-1825 called?
Answer: ‘Maanar Din'.
Q. What is another name for this period?
Answer: Maan Bhaganar Din.
Q. What did agriculture, trade and commerce suffer?
Answer: They suffered.
Q. How many years did the Ahom rule last?
Answer: Six hundred years.
Q. Which regions did the Burmese already win before Assam?
Answer: Arakan, Manipur and Cachar.
Q. What war began due to the Burmese presence?
Answer: First Anglo-Burmese War of
1824-1826.
Q. When did the Burmese begin raiding British territories?
Answer: After the occupation of Assam.
Q. Which places did the Burmese enter through?
Answer: Goalpara, Srihatta, and
Chattagram.
Q. Who was the Cachar king who fled to the English?
Answer: Govind Chandra.
Q. Which Manipuri king attacked Cachar?
Answer: Gambhir Singh.
Q. When did Lord Amherst declare war?
Answer: 5th March, 1824 A.D.
Q. Who led the British force up the Brahmaputra?
Answer: Lord MacMoraine.
Q. Who led the second British force?
Answer: David Scott.
Q. Who led the third British force?
Answer: Sir Archibald Campbell.
Q. When did English occupy Gauhati?
Answer: 28th March, 1824 A.D.
Q. Where were the Burmese finally defeated in Lower Assam?
Answer: Hatbor, Kaliabor and
Rangaligarh.
Q. Who was appointed military Governor of Lower Assam?
Answer: Colonel Richardson.
Q. Where did the Burmese fight the British in Upper Assam?
Answer: Moramukh.
Q. Who captured Jorhat and when?
Answer: Lieutenant Neufville on 17th
December, 1825.
Q. Where did the Burmese retreat from Jorhat?
Answer: Gaurisagar.
Q. Who sought English help in eastern Assam?
Answer: Sadiya Khowa Gohain and
Motibor Senapati.
Q. Who defeated Singphos and when?
Answer: Neufville in June 1825.
Q. Who took measures to drive the Burmese from Manipur?
Answer: English Commander Pemberton.
Q. Where did the English army occupy that forced peace?
Answer: Yandaboo.
Q. When was the Treaty of Yandaboo signed?
Answer: 24th February, 1826.
Q. How much war indemnity did Burma pay?
Answer: Rupees One Crore.
Q. Which territories did the British take over?
Answer: Arakan and Tenasserim.
Q. Who was recognised as king of Manipur?
Answer: Gambhir Singh.
Q. Where could the Burmese king station an officer?
Answer: Calcutta.
Q. Where did Chandrakanta begin to stay after the Burmese left?
Answer: Gauhati.
Q. When did Ahom king Jogeswar Singha die?
Answer: Towards the end of 1826.
Q. Where did Jogeswar Singha die?
Answer: Jagighopa.
Q. Describe
the political condition of Assam before the Burmese invasion.
Answer: After Gaurinath Singha's
death, Purnananda Buragohain became all-powerful, making minor kings his
puppets. Internal rebellions like Moamoria and Danduadroah weakened the
kingdom. Badanchandra's oppression in Lower Assam and conflict with Buragohain
created instability, which the Burmese exploited.
Q. What
was the role of Rangili in the Burmese invasion?
Answer: Rangili was an Ahom girl
given to Singpho chief Bichanong, who presented her to Burmese king Bodawpaya.
Later, as Rangili Aidew (queen), she used her influence to help Badanchandra
get Burmese assistance against Purnananda.
Q. Explain
the Danduadroah revolt.
Answer: In Kamrup, Haradutta and
Biradutta Choudhury, with help from Bengal's Burkandaze force, revolted against
the Ahom king. Badanchandra Barphukan was held responsible by Purnananda
Buragohain, leading to his removal.
Q. What
were the main causes of conflict between Purnananda Buragohain and Badanchandra
Barphukan?
Answer: Purnananda suspected
Badanchandra's involvement in the Danduadroah revolt and Satram's assassination
plot. Badanchandra's oppressive rule, misappropriation of temple wealth, and
refusal to implement the opium ban increased rivalry despite a marriage alliance
between their children.
Q. Why
did Badanchandra seek British help?
Answer: After Purnananda decided to
remove him, Badanchandra fled to Bengal and appealed to the British Governor
General for military help, presenting two letters from King Chandrakanta. The
British refused, not wanting to interfere in internal affairs and respecting
Purnananda's loyalty.
Q. Why
did the Burmese king agree to help Badanchandra?
Answer: The Burmese had imperialistic
ambitions for westward expansion, wanted Assam as a military base against the British, and the refugee issue from Arakan had already created tension.
Badanchandra's plea provided an opportunity, and Queen Rangili Aidew's request
helped.
Q. Describe
the first Burmese invasion of 1817.
Answer: Badanchandra led 8,000
Burmese soldiers plus 8,000 more via Patkai. They defeated the Ahoms at Ghiladhari,
causing Purnananda's death. After the second defeat at Kathalbari, Ruchinath fled. The Burmese occupied Jorhat, made Badanchandra Mantri Barphukan, and kept
Chandrakanta as a nominal king before returning.
Q. What
happened after Badanchandra became powerful in 1817?
Answer: Badanchandra tortured Purnananda's supporters.
Differences arose with Barbarua. Numali Rajmao and officials conspired, leading
to his assassination in 1818 by Rup Singh.
Q. Explain the events of the 1819
Burmese invasion.
Answer: The Burmese sent General Ala
Mingi to avenge Badanchandra's murder and restore Chandrakanta in 1819. Ahoms
led by Jagannath Dhekial Phukan were defeated at Phulapanichiga. Burmese
reinstated Chandrakanta, appointed Badanchandra's son as Barphukan, and left
Mingimaha Tilwa with troops.
Q. What led to the third
Burmese invasion of 1821?
Answer: Chandrakanta tried to build a
fort at Jaypur to block the Burmese route. New Burmese king Bagyidaw was enraged,
sent Mingimaha Tilwa, who killed supervisor Patal Barbarua, tortured Ahom
soldiers, and forced Chandrakanta to flee to British territories.
Q. Describe the period of
'Maanar Din' (1821-1825).
Answer: During the period of 'Maanar
Din' (1821-1825) Burmese
unleashed terror, plundered villages, and committed atrocities. People became
fugitives (bhagania), and agriculture and trade collapsed. Some locals, in the guise of
Burmese, also committed crimes. It was a period of starvation and homelessness.
Q. What were the economic and
social effects of the Burmese invasion?
Answer: Due to the Burmese invasion economy
collapsed, goods production declined, and traders shut businesses. Socially, the population decreased, and villages were abandoned and turned into jungles. Many
fled to hills, valleys, and neighbouring countries for safety.
Q. How did the Burmese invasion
lead to British control?
Answer: The Burmese occupation threatened
British interests in Bengal and the Northeast. Their presence in Assam, Cachar, and
Manipur alarmed the British, leading to the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824-26).
After the Burmese defeat, the Treaty of Yandaboo (1826) forced them to withdraw, and the British established control over Assam.
Q. Describe the British
military campaign in Assam.
Answer: In March 1824, three British forces
advanced: MacMoraine up the Brahmaputra from Goalpara, David Scott through
Chattagram and Srihatta, and Campbell via the Irrawaddy to Rangoon. The British
occupied Gauhati, defeated the Burmese at Hatbor and Kaliabor, and captured Jorhat
in December 1825.
Q. What was the significance
of the Kaliabhomora bridge?
Answer: The Kaliabhomora bridge was built in 1987, connecting Sonitpur and Nagaon districts (3015 meters long), fulfilling Kaliabhomora's dream of a bridge on the Brahmaputra at Silghat.
Q. Discuss
the political condition of Assam that led to the Burmese invasion.
Answer: After Gaurinath Singha's
death, Purnananda Buragohain became all-powerful, making minor kings Kamaleswar
and Chandrakanta his puppets. Internal rebellions (Moamoria, Panimua,
Danduadroah) weakened the kingdom. Badanchandra's oppression in Lower Assam and
his conflict with Purnananda created instability. When Purnananda tried to
remove Badanchandra, the latter sought foreign help, first from the British
(refused), then from the Burmese, exploiting Assam's internal weaknesses.
Q. Explain
the causes of the Burmese invasion of Assam in detail.
Answer:
The causes of the Burmese invasion were:
(1)
Internal Weakness: The Moamoria
rebellion had weakened the Ahom power.
(2)
Purnananda's Despotism: His autocratic rule, stern measures, and puppet kings created widespread
discontent and conspiracies.
(3)
Badanchandra's Conflict: His rivalry with Purnananda, involvement in plots, and oppression led to
his flight.
(4)
Burmese Ambitions: Kings
Alaungpaya and Bodawpaya wanted westward expansion, using Assam as a base against the British.
(5)
Strategic Opportunity: The Arakan refugee issue had already strained Burmese-British relations.
(6)
Personal Factors: Queen
Rangili Aidew's influence and Badanchandra's appeal provided a pretext for
intervention.
Q. Describe the three Burmese
invasions of Assam (1817, 1819, 1821).
Answer: Burmese invasion of 1817: Badanchandra led 16,000
troops, defeated Ahoms at Ghiladhari and Kathalbari, killing Purnananda. The Burmese briefly occupied Jorhat, made Badanchandra Mantri Barphukan, and left.
Burmese invasion of 1819: After Badanchandra's
assassination, General Ala Mingi restored Chandrakanta, leaving Mingimaha Tilwa
with troops.
Burmese invasion of 1821: When Chandrakanta tried to
block the Burmese route, King Bagyidaw sent Mingimaha Tilwa, who killed Patal Barbarua,
forcing Chandrakanta to flee to the British. The Burmese installed puppet king Jogeswar
Singha and ruled directly.
Q. What were the consequences
of the Burmese invasion?
Answer: The consequences of the
Burmese invasion are discussed below:
Political: It ended the 600-year Ahom rule;
kings became puppets; internal conflicts weakened the monarchy; and British
intervention.
Economic: Due to the Burmese invasion, production declined, trade
stopped, and villages were abandoned.
Social: Due to the Burmese invasion, the population decreased, people fled, agriculture suffered, it caused starvation and famine.
Strategic: Burmese-British rivalry led
to the First Anglo-Burmese War.
Ultimate
Result: Treaty
of Yandaboo (1826) made the British masters of Assam, Cachar, and Manipur,
beginning British colonial rule in the Northeast.
Q. Discuss the First
Anglo-Burmese War and its impact on Assam.
Answer: After Burmese raids into
British territories (Srihatta, Goalpara, Cachar) and occupation of Manipur
(1819), Governor General Lord Amherst declared war in March 1824. British
forces from three directions defeated the Burmese in Lower Assam by 1824, then
captured Upper Assam (Jorhat, Gaurisagar) in 1825. Treaty of Yandaboo (Feb
1826) forced Burma to withdraw completely from Assam and renounce all claims.
Assam came under British control, ending Burmese atrocities but beginning
British colonial rule.
Q. Explain the importance of
the Treaty of Yandaboo.
Answer: The
Treaty of Yandaboo was
signed on 24 February 1826. It ended the First Anglo-Burmese War.
Provisions: Burma paid Rs. 1 crore indemnity, ceded Arakan and Tenasserim, renounced claims on Assam, Cachar, Jayantia, and recognised Gambhir Singh as Manipur king.
Significance: Ended Burmese rule and
"Maanar Din" atrocities. Established British control over Assam
without Assam's representation. Marked the beginning of British expansion in the Northeast. People welcomed the British, hoping for peace, not realising they were
exchanging one foreign rule for another.
Q. Who was responsible for the Burmese invasion - Badanchandra or Purnananda? Discuss.
Answer: Badanchandra directly invited the Burmese after British refusal, making him primarily responsible. His oppression and fear of Purnananda led to foreign intervention. Purnananda was also responsible for his despotic, autocratic rule that alienated officials and created instability. However, inviting external power to settle internal disputes was Badanchandra's gravest mistake. Both contributed, but Badanchandra's action was the immediate trigger.
SHORT
NOTES
Bodawpaya: Burmese king (r. 1782-1819)
who captured Arakan in 1784, establishing supremacy in the Bay of Bengal. His
imperialistic policy aimed at westward expansion. He sent 8,000 troops with
Badanchandra in 1817 to intervene in Assam, helping him against Purnananda
Buragohain.
Gambhir
Singh:
Manipuri king who attacked Cachar in 1819, forcing its king Govind Chandra to
seek British help. Later recognised as the legitimate king of Manipur by the Treaty of
Yandaboo (1826), which ended Burmese interference in Manipur.
Govind
Chandra: King of
Cachar who fled to the British territory of Srihatta when unable to withstand
attacks from Manipuri king Gambhir Singh and Burmese forces. His appeal for
help led the British to see Burmese expansion as a threat to their frontier.
Daman
Gogoi: Ahom
officer sent by Purnananda Buragohain to resist the first Burmese invasion at
Ghiladhari in 1817. He fought alongside Hau Bora but was defeated by Burmese
forces led by Badanchandra.
Hau Bora: Ahom officer who fought with
Daman Gogoi against the Burmese at the Battle of Ghiladhari in 1817. Their defeat
caused Purnananda Buragohain's death due to shock.
Battle of
Ghiladhari: First
major battle of the 1817 invasion, where the Burmese army under Badanchandra defeated
Ahom forces led by Daman Gogoi. The news of this defeat caused Purnananda Buragohain's
death, marking a turning point in Assam's history.
Brajanath
Singha:
Grandson of Swargadeo Rajeswar Singha, proclaimed king by Ruchinath Buragohain
in 1819 after Chandrakanta's removal. Found ineligible due to mutilation, his
son Purandhar became king instead.
Purandhar
Singha: Son of
Brajanath Singha, made king in 1819 after his father's ineligibility. Later
fled to British Bengal with Ruchinath, appealed for help against the Burmese, but the British refused, leading to his permanent exile.
Ala Mingi: Burmese general sent in 1819
to avenge Badanchandra's assassination and restore Chandrakanta Singha. He
defeated the Ahoms, reinstated Chandrakanta, and left Mingimaha Tilwa to control
Assam before returning to Burma.
Treaty of
Yandaboo (1826): Ended the First Anglo-Burmese War. Burma paid Rs. 1 crore indemnity, ceded Arakan and
Tenasserim, and renounced all claims on Assam, Cachar, and Jayantia. The British
established control over Assam, ending Burmese interference and beginning
British rule in the Northeast.
Choose
the Correct Answer
1. In 1816/1817/1819, the Burmese
interfered in the internal politics of Assam.
Answer: 1817.
2. Jagannath Dhekial
Phukan/Badanchandra Barphukan/Chandrakanta Buragohain was the brother of
Ruchinath Buragohain.
Answer: Jagannath Dhekial Phukan.
3. The murder of Badanchandra
took place in August 1816/1817/1818.
Answer: 1818 (the month is not
mentioned in the chapter).
4. Numali Rajmao was the mother
of Chandrakanta Singha/Purnananda Buragohain/Brajanath Gohain.
Answer: Chandrakanta Singha.
5. The Yandaboo treaty was concluded
on 24th February 1818/1826/1828.
Answer: 1826.
Q. Write
in brief about the expansion of the Burmese empire in Manipur and Arakan.
Answer: Burmese king Alaungpaya had
imperialistic ambitions and expanded his territories westward. Arakan was
captured in 1784 under King Bodawpaya, giving them control over the Bay of
Bengal region. They repeatedly attacked Manipur and finally conquered it in
1819. The Burmese wanted to use Assam as a military base against the British.
This expansion led to conflicts with the British.
Q. Discuss
how the despotism of Purnananda Buragohain gave birth to political
conspiracies.
Answer: Purnananda Buragohain was
despotic and arrogant. He kept young kings as puppets and secretly appointed
them to power. His stern measures during his long rule made many officials unhappy. This
led to several conspiracies: the Panimua rebellion during Kamaleswar Singha's
reign, Satram's plot to assassinate him, and Badanchandra's involvement in
anti-Buragohain plots. His autocratic style created widespread discontent.
Q. What
was the ultimate result of the political conspiracies hatched against
Purnananda Buragohain?
Answer: The conspiracies led to
Badanchandra fleeing to Burma and bringing Burmese forces. The 1817 invasion
ended Purnananda's rule (he died after hearing of defeat at Ghiladhari).
However, it also opened the door for Burmese interference and eventually
British control over Assam.
Q. Why
did the Burmese invade Assam under the leadership of Badanchandra Phukan? Give
reasons.
Answer: Badanchandra was removed as Barphukan
and fled to Burma after the British refused to help. The Burmese king Bodawpaya
wanted to expand westward and use Assam as a base against the British. He also
wanted to help Badanchandra, who was related to his queen, Rangili Aidew.
Badanchandra claimed he tried to end Purnananda's tyranny and protect King
Chandrakanta.
Q. Discuss
in brief the Burmese interference in Assam under the leadership of
Badanchandra Barphukan.
Answer: In 1817, Badanchandra led
8,000 Burmese soldiers into Assam. They defeated the Ahoms at Ghiladhari,
causing Purnananda's death. Badanchandra became Mantri Barphukan with
Chandrakanta as nominal king. The Burmese stayed briefly and returned. Their
main aim was to help Badanchandra, not to permanently conquer Assam at that time.
Q. Discuss
the causes of the Burmese invasion of Assam.
Answer: The
causes of the Burmese invasion of Assam were:
(1) Weak political condition
after the Moamoria rebellion,
(2) Purnananda's despotic rule
created discontent,
(3) Conflict between
Badanchandra and Purnananda,
(4) Burmese imperialistic ambitions,
(5) Strategic desire to use
Assam against the British,
(6) Refugee issue from Arakan
creating Burmese-British tension,
(7) Badanchandra's direct
invitation for help.
Q. What
were the results of the Burmese invasion of Assam?
Answer: The
Burmese invasion of Assam:
(1) Downfall of the 600-year-old
Ahom rule,
(2) Ahom kings became nominal
rulers under Burmese control,
(3) Military strength
collapsed,
(4) Internal conflicts
weakened the monarchy,
(5) Kings and officials fled
to British territories,
(6) The economy was ruined, trade
declined,
(7) Social life deteriorated,
population decreased, villages abandoned,
(8) Most importantly, it led
to British intervention and control over Assam.
Q. Which
rebellion is known as the 'Panimua rebellion'?
Answer: The rebellion organised
against Purnananda Buragohain during Kamaleswar Singha's reign, led by a man
named Panimua, is known as the 'Panimua rebellion'.
Q. Mention
two results of the military intervention of the Burmese in Assam in 1817.
Answer: (1) Purnananda Buragohain
died after hearing of the defeat at Ghiladhari, ending his autocratic rule.
(2) Badanchandra became
all-powerful as Mantri Barphukan, though Chandrakanta Singha was retained as
nominal king.
Q. When
did the first Anglo-Burmese war take place? Where was this war fought?
Answer: The war took place from
1824-1826. It was fought in four areas: the Brahmaputra Valley (Ahom Kingdom),
Cachar, Manipur, and Burma.
Q. Mention
the main provisions of the Yandaboo treaty.
Answer: The main
provisions of the Yandaboo treaty:
(1) Burma paid Rs. 1 crore as
war indemnity,
(2) The British took Arakan and
Tenasserim,
(3) Burma renounced all claims
on Assam, Cachar, and Jayantia,
(4) Burma recognised Gambhir
Singh as king of Manipur,
(5) Exchange of diplomatic
residents (British at Ava, Burmese at Calcutta).
Q. Write
about the importance of the Treaty of Yandaboo.
Answer: The Treaty of
Yandaboo ended
the Burmese rule in Assam, bringing relief from their atrocities. It marked the
beginning of British control over Assam and the expansion in Northeast India. It
ended the terrible period known as "Maanar Din." The terms favoured
the British, establishing their dominance in the region.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. The Burmese first interfered in Assam's internal politics
in:
a) 1816
b) 1817
c) 1819
2. The brother of Ruchinath Buragohain was:
a) Badanchandra Barphukan
b) Jagannath Dhekial Phukan
c) Chandrakanta Buragohain
3. Badanchandra Barphukan was assassinated in:
a) August, 1816
b) 1817
c) 1818
4. Numali Rajmao was the mother of:
a) Purnananda Buragohain
b) Brajanath Gohain
c) Chandrakanta Singha
5. The Treaty of Yandaboo was concluded on:
a) 24th February, 1818
b) 24th February, 1826
c) 24th February, 1828
6. The Burmese captured Arakan in:
a) 1780
b) 1784
c) 1795
7. The Burmese king who helped Badanchandra was:
a) Alaungpaya
b) Bodawpaya
c) Bagyidaw
8. The Burmese force in 1817 consisted of about:
a) 4,000 men
b) 8,000 men
c) 16,000 men
9. The battle where Purnananda died after hearing news of
defeat was:
a) Battle of Kathalbari
b) Battle of Ghiladhari
c) Battle of Phulapanichiga
10. The period of Burmese terror (1821-1825) is called:
a) Moamoria Din
b) Maanar Din
c) Danduadroah
11. What did the people of Assam call the Burmese people?
a) Moghs
b) Maan
c) Shan
d) Thai
12. What was the Burmese king referred to as by the Assamese people?
a) Shan Raja
b) Maan Raja
c) Burmese Raja
d) Arakan Raja
13. How many major Burmese invasions of Assam are mentioned in the chapter?
a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five
14. The first Burmese invasion of Assam took place in:
a) 1816
b) 1817
c) 1818
d) 1819
15. The second Burmese invasion occurred in:
a) 1817
b) 1819
c) 1820
d) 1821
16. The third Burmese invasion happened in:
a) 1819
b) 1820
c) 1821
d) 1822
17. Who was the Ahom king who died in 1795, leading to political
instability?
a) Rajeswar Singha
b) Gaurinath Singha
c) Kamaleswar Singha
d) Chandrakanta Singha
18. Who succeeded Gaurinath Singha to the Ahom throne?
a) Chandrakanta Singha
b) Kamaleswar Singha
c) Purandhar Singha
d) Jogeswar Singha
19. During the Moamoria rebellion, the Ahom king fled his capital to:
a) Jorhat
b) Gauhati
c) Rangpur
d) Sadiya
20. Who bore the entire responsibility of the Ahom empire during the
Moamoria rebellion?
a) Badanchandra Barphukan
b) Purnananda Buragohain
c) Chandrakanta Singha
d) Kamaleswar Singha
21. What was the new designation for the Moamoria leader after they were
allowed to rule independently?
a) Barphukan
b) Barbarua
c) Bar Senapati
d) Gohain
22. Which tribal group helped the Moamorias attack Bengmara?
a) Singphos and Khamtis
b) Ahoms and Chutias
c) Khasis and Garos
d) Bhutias and Abors
23. Who was the Singpho chief who received an Ahom girl named Rangili?
a) Mingimaha Tilwa
b) Mingimaha Bandula
c) Bichanong
d) Ala Mingi
24. Rangili later became the queen of which Burmese king?
a) Alaungpaya
b) Bagyidaw
c) Bodawpaya
d) Thibaw
25. The revolt in Kamrup led by Haradutta and Biradutta Choudhury was known
as:
a) Moamoria rebellion
b) Panimua rebellion
c) Danduadroah
d) Phulapani revolt
26. Who replaced Badanchandra Barphukan as Barphukan of Gauhati?
a) Purnananda Buragohain
b) Kaliabhomora
c) David Scott
d) Ruchinath Buragohain
27. What title was conferred on Kaliabhomora for suppressing the
Danduadroah?
a) Bar Senapati
b) Mantri Barphukan
c) Pratapballabh
d) Swargadeo
28. Kaliabhomora dreamed of constructing a bridge on which river?
a) Dihing
b) Barak
c) Brahmaputra
d) Surma
29. In which year was the Kaliabhomora Bridge actually constructed?
a) 1977
b) 1987
c) 1997
d) 2007
30. What was the length of Kaliabhomora Bridge?
a) 2015 meters
b) 2515 meters
c) 3015 meters
d) 3515 meters
31. Which historian opined that Purnananda's efforts restored peace after
Moamoria rebellion?
a) David Scott
b) Lord Amherst
c) Edward Gait
d) Colonel Richardson
32. Purnananda Buragohain's nature was described as:
a) Kind and generous
b) Despotic and arrogant
c) Weak and indecisive
d) Diplomatic and friendly
33. During whose reign did the Panimua rebellion occur?
a) Gaurinath Singha
b) Kamaleswar Singha
c) Chandrakanta Singha
d) Jogeswar Singha
34. Who led the Panimua rebellion against Purnananda Buragohain?
a) Satram
b) Badanchandra
c) Panimua
d) Ruchinath
35. What happened to Satram after his plot was detected?
a) Hanged
b) Banished to Namrup and killed by Naga miscreants
c) Imprisoned for life
d) Escaped to Burma
36. Who was the youth befriended by King Chandrakanta Singha?
a) Ruchinath
b) Purnananda
c) Satram
d) Badanchandra
37. What position was given to Satram by Chandrakanta Singha?
a) Barphukan
b) Barbarua
c) Charingia Phukan
d) Buragohain
38. Who was Purnananda Buragohain's son?
a) Jagannath
b) Oreshanath
c) Brajanath
d) Purandhar
39. Who was Badanchandra Barphukan's daughter?
a) Numali Rajmao
b) Themo Aidew
c) Pijou Gabharu
d) Rangili
40. The marriage between Oreshanath and Pijou Gabharu brought improvement
in relations between:
a) Ahom king and Burmese king
b) Satram and Chandrakanta
c) Purnananda Buragohain and Badanchandra Barphukan
d) British and the Ahom kingdom
41. Why did Purnananda Buragohain decide to remove Badanchandra Barphukan?
a) He was too friendly with the British
b) His atrocities had become unbearable
c) He refused to marry his daughter
d) He supported the Moamoria rebellion
42. Where did Badanchandra flee to after being warned of his removal?
a) Bengal
b) Burma
c) Manipur
d) Cachar
43. Who did Badanchandra meet at Rangpur before going to Calcutta?
a) Lord Amherst
b) David Scott
c) Colonel Richardson
d) Lord MacMoraine
44. How many letters from King Chandrakanta did Badanchandra present to the
British Governor General?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
45. Why did the British Governor General refuse to help Badanchandra?
a) They supported Purnananda's tyranny
b) They wanted to invade Assam themselves
c) They refused to interfere in internal affairs and appreciated Purnananda's loyalty
d) They were allies with Burma
46. Who was the Burmese representative at Calcutta that Badanchandra
consulted?
a) Ala Mingi
b) (Not named in chapter)
c) Mingimaha Tilwa
d) Rangili Aidew
47. Which Burmese king had imperialistic ambitions for westward expansion?
a) Bagyidaw
b) Bodawpaya
c) Alaungpaya
d) Thibaw
48. In which year did the Burmese capture Arakan?
a) 1780
b) 1784
c) 1790
d) 1800
49. How many Arakanese refugees fled to British Bengal?
a) Twenty thousand
b) Thirty thousand
c) Forty thousand
d) Fifty thousand
50. Which island and port marked Burmese supremacy in the Bay of Bengal after
capturing Arakan?
a) Andaman Islands and Kolkata
b) Margui Island and Chattagram
c) Nicobar Islands and Chittagong
d) Sri Lankan ports and Dhaka
51. What was the main reason the Burmese wanted to use Assam as a military
base?
a) To attack China
b) To use against the English
c) To control Tibet
d) To dominate Southeast Asia
52. Who was the Burmese queen who requested help for Badanchandra?
a) Pijou Gabharu
b) Numali Rajmao
c) Rangili Aidew
d) Themo Aidew
53. How was Rangili Aidew related to Badanchandra?
a) His sister
b) His daughter
c) His aunt
d) His wife
54. Through which pass did the Burmese army enter Assam in 1817?
a) Jelep La
b) Patkai
c) Bomdila
d) Diphu
55. How many total soldiers did Badanchandra have in the 1817 invasion?
a) 8,000
b) 10,000
c) 16,000
d) 20,000
56. Where was the first battle of the 1817 invasion fought?
a) Kathalbari
b) Ghiladhari
c) Phulapanichiga
d) Mahagarh
57. What caused Purnananda Buragohain's death?
a) Killed in battle
b) He died of sadness after hearing about the Ahom defeat
c) Assassinated
d) Natural causes
58. Who succeeded Purnananda Buragohain?
a) Chandrakanta Singha
b) Badanchandra
c) His son Ruchinath
d) Kaliabhomora
59. Where was the second engagement of the 1817 invasion fought?
a) Ghiladhari
b) Kathalbari (east of Dihing)
c) Phulapanichiga
d) Gaurisagar
60. After defeat, where did Ruchinath Buragohain flee?
a) Gauhati
b) Rangpur
c) Bengal
d) Jorhat
61. What title was given to Badanchandra by Chandrakanta?
a) Bar Senapati
b) Barphukan
c) Mantri Barphukan
d) Pratapballabh
62. How long did the Burmese stay in Assam during the 1817 invasion?
a) A few days
b) One month
c) Six months
d) One year
63. What was presented by Badanchandra to the Burmese king?
a) Gold and silver only
b) Themo or Hemo Aidew
c) Rangili
d) Pijou Gabharu
64. Who assassinated Badanchandra Barphukan?
a) Purnananda Buragohain
b) Subedar Rup Singh
c) Chandrakanta Singha
d) Mingimaha Tilwa
65. In which year was Badanchandra assassinated?
a) 1816
b) 1817
c) 1818
d) 1819
66. Who summoned Ruchinath Buragohain to Jorhat after Badanchandra's death?
a) Purnananda
b) Ahom king and officials
c) Burmese king
d) British
67. Why didn't Ruchinath take King Chandrakanta into confidence?
a) He was ill
b) He held Chandrakanta responsible for the Burmese
invasion and his father's death
c) He wanted to become king
d) He was afraid of the Burmese
68. Who did Ruchinath proclaim as the new Ahom king in 1819?
a) Chandrakanta Singha
b) Brajanath Singha
c) Purandhar Singha
d) Jogeswar Singha
69. Why was Brajanath considered ineligible for the throne?
a) He was too young
b) He had suffered mutilation
c) He was not of royal blood
d) He refused
70. What was done to Chandrakanta to prevent him from reclaiming the throne?
a) He was killed
b) His right ear was slit
c) He was blinded
d) He was imprisoned
71. Where was Chandrakanta banished?
a) Gauhati
b) Bengal
c) Taratali, near Jorhat
d) Rangpur
72. Who led the Burmese force in the 1819 invasion?
a) Mingimaha Tilwa
b) General Ala Mingi
c) Alaungpaya
d) Bodawpaya
73. Where was the first engagement of the 1819 invasion?
a) Ghiladhari
b) Phulapanichiga, near the Janji River
c) Kathalbari
d) Moramukh
74. Who was the brother of Ruchinath who led the Ahom army in 1819?
a) Jagannath Dhekial Phukan
b) Oreshanath
c) Purandhar Singha
d) Badanchandra
75. After the 1819 invasion, where did Ruchinath and Purandhar flee?
a) Burma
b) English occupied territories in Bengal
c) Manipur
d) Cachar
76. Who was made Barphukan after 1819 invasion?
a) Badanchandra
b) A son of Badanchandra
c) Patal Barua
d) Ruchinath
77. Who was appointed Barbarua after the 1819 invasion?
a) Brajanath
b) Patal Barua
c) Rup Singh
d) Mingimaha Tilwa
78. Which Burmese king died and was succeeded by Bagyidaw?
a) Alaungpaya
b) Bodawpaya
c) Thibaw
d) Mindon
79. What was being constructed at Jaypur to block the Burmese?
a) A wall
b) A temple
c) A fort
d) A bridge
80. Who was given the responsibility to supervise fort
construction?
a) Patal Barbarua
b) Mingimaha Tilwa
c) Badanchandra
d) Ruchinath
81. Who was the new Burmese king in 1821?
a) Bodawpaya
b) Bagyidaw
c) Alaungpaya
d) Thibaw
82. What was Bagyidaw's nature?
a) Kind and just
b) Very cruel
c) Weak and afraid
d) Diplomatic
83. What did Mingimaha Tilwa do to Patal Barbarua?
a) Appointed him
b) Killed him
c) Sent him to Burma
d) Imprisoned him
84. Why did Ahom soldiers flee from the fort
construction site?
a) They were paid off
b) They were tortured by
Mingimaha Tilwa
c) They joined the Burmese
d) They were homesick
85. Where did Chandrakanta flee after the 1821
invasion?
a) Burma
b) To British (English)
territories
c) Manipur
d) Cachar
86. Who was installed as king by the Burmese in 1821?
a) Chandrakanta Singha
b) Purandhar Singha
c) Jogeswar Singha
d) Brajanath Singha
87. What was Jogeswar Singha popularly known as?
a) Swargadeo
b) "Maane Pata Raja"
(king installed by the Burmese)
c) Barphukan
d) Buragohain
88. For how many years did Jogeswar Singha rule?
a) 2 years
b) 3 years
c) 4 years (1821-1825)
d) 5 years
89. Which area did the Burmese occupy in Lower Assam?
a) Gauhati
b) Jorhat
c) Rangpur
d) Sadiya
90. What did the Burmese demand from the English regarding
fugitive rulers?
a) Return Chandrakanta and
Purandhar
b) Pay tribute
c) Surrender territory
d) Apologise
91. What was the relationship between the Burmese and English after the demands?
a) Improved
b) Deteriorated
c) Remained the same
d) Became allies
92. Who appealed to the English for help to recover the country from the Burmese?
a) Chandrakanta and Purandhar Singha
b) Purnananda
c) Badanchandra
d) Jogeswar
93. What did the English Company do when it appealed for help?
a) Sent troops immediately
b) Refused to help
c) Negotiated with the Burmese
d) Paid money
94. Who did Chandrakanta enlist to fight the Burmese?
a) British army
b) Mercenaries of Bengal
c) Manipuri soldiers
d) Singpho fighters
95. Where was the last battle fought to revive Assam's independence?
a) Hadirachowki
b) Mahagarh
c) Ghiladhari
d) Phulapanichiga
96. What was the result of the Battle of Mahagarh?
a) Chandrakanta was defeated
b) Burmese were expelled
c) The British intervened
d) Peace treaty signed
97. What was the last frontier outpost of Assam where a battle was fought?
a) Mahagarh
b) Hadirachowki
c) Gaurisagar
d) Jorhat
98. Who was the commander who strengthened the Burmese army during 1819-21?
a) Ala Mingi
b) Mingimaha Tilwa
c) Mingimaha Bandula
d) Bodawpaya
99. What is the period 1821-1825 called in Assam history?
a) Moamoria period
b) Maanar Din
c) British period
d) Ahom renaissance
100. What is another name for Maanar Din?
a) Maan Bhaganar Din
b) Burmese rule
c) Black days
d) Fugitive period
101. What did the Burmese do during Maanar Din?
a) Developed agriculture
b) Plundered villages and committed atrocities
c) Built temples
d) Promoted trade
102. What happened to agriculture, trade and commerce during Burmese rule?
a) Flourished
b) Suffered greatly
c) Remained unchanged
d) Were monopolised by the Burmese
103. Why did the population decrease in villages during the Burmese rule?
a) People fled due to fear
b) Disease outbreak
c) Natural calamities
d) War with the British
104. Who else committed atrocities besides the Burmese?
a) British soldiers
b) Ahom officials
c) Some people in the guise of Burmese
d) Manipuri forces
105. How long did the Ahom rule last before their downfall?
a) 400 years
b) 600 years
c) 800 years
d) 1000 years
106. Which territories had the Burmese already won before Assam?
a) Arakan, Manipur, and Cachar
b) Bengal, Orissa, and Bihar
c) Tripura, Mizoram, and Nagaland
d) Tibet, Bhutan, and Nepal
107. What led to the First Anglo-Burmese War of 1824-1826?
a) Burmese raids into British territories
b) Ahom appeal to the British
c) Burmese attack on Burma
d) British imperialism
108. On what date did Lord Amherst declare war on Burma?
a) 1st March, 1824
b) 5th March, 1824
c) 15th March, 1824
d) 25th March, 1824
109. From how many sides did British forces attack the Burmese in 1824?
a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five
110. Who led the British force up the Brahmaputra from Goalpara?
a) David Scott
b) Lord MacMoraine
c) Sir Archibald Campbell
d) Colonel Richardson
111. Who advanced through Chattagram and Srihatta frontier?
a) Lord MacMoraine
b) David Scott
c) Sir Archibald Campbell
d) Lieutenant Neufville
112. Who advanced via the Irrawaddy River to Rangoon?
a) Lord MacMoraine
b) David Scott
c) Sir Archibald Campbell
d) Colonel Richardson
113. On what date did English forces occupy Gauhati?
a) 20th March, 1824
b) 28th March, 1824
c) 1st April, 1824
d) 5th April, 1824
114. Where were the Burmese defeated in Lower Assam?
a) Ghiladhari and Kathalbari
b) Hatbor, Kaliabor and Rangaligarh
c) Jorhat and Gaurisagar
d) Phulapanichiga and Mahagarh
115. Who was appointed military Governor of the newly occupied Lower Assam
territory?
a) David Scott
b) Lord MacMoraine
c) Colonel Richardson
d) Sir Archibald Campbell
91. Who was made king instead of Brajanath?
a) Ruchinath
b) Purandhar Singha (his son)
c) Jogeswar Singha
d) Chandrakanta
INSTRUCTIONS
Each
question consists of an Assertion (A) and a Reason (R).
Select the correct answer code:
·
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
·
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
·
(c) A is true but R is
false.
·
(d) A is false, but R is
true.
QUESTIONS
1. Assertion (A): The Burmese invaded Assam three times between
1817 and 1821.
Reason
(R): Each invasion was triggered by the death of an Ahom king.
2. Assertion (A): Purnananda Buragohain became the de facto ruler
of Assam during the Moamoria rebellion.
Reason
(R): King Gaurinath Singha fled from his capital to Gauhati,
leaving all responsibilities to Purnananda.
3. Assertion (A): Badanchandra Barphukan was replaced by
Kaliabhomora due to his involvement in the Danduadroah revolt.
Reason
(R): Purnananda Buragohain suspected Badanchandra's role in the
Kamrup revolt against the Ahom king.
4. Assertion (A): Purnananda Buragohain's despotic rule was
widely appreciated by his countrymen.
Reason
(R): His stern measures during his long tenure made a section
of officials unhappy.
5. Assertion (A): The Panimua rebellion was successfully
suppressed by Purnananda Buragohain.
Reason
(R): The rebellion was led by Panimua during Kamaleswar
Singha's reign.
6. Assertion (A): Satram was hanged for plotting against
Purnananda Buragohain.
Reason
(R): He took refuge with King Chandrakanta and was later
banished to Namrup, where he was killed.
7. Assertion (A): The marriage between Oreshanath and Pijou
Gabharu permanently ended the rivalry between Purnananda and Badanchandra.
Reason
(R): The marriage improved their relationship temporarily.
8. Assertion (A): Badanchandra fled to Burma after the British
refused to help him.
Reason
(R): The British Governor General turned down his appeals
because they were allies with Burma.
9. Assertion (A): Burma captured Arakan in 1784 under King
Bodawpaya.
Reason
(R): This capture was part of their eastward expansion policy.
10. Assertion (A): The refugee issue from Arakan created tension
between the Burmese and the British.
Reason
(R): About 40,000 Arakanese refugees fled to British Bengal after the Burmese occupation.
11. Assertion (A): Burma wanted to capture Assam primarily to use
it as a military base against the English.
Reason
(R): Burmese king Bodawpaya had no imperialistic ambitions.
12. Assertion (A): Queen Rangili Aidew played a crucial role in
getting Burmese help for Badanchandra.
Reason
(R): She was Badanchandra's aunt and requested the king to help
him.
13. Assertion (A): The Burmese army that entered Assam in 1817
consisted of 16,000 soldiers.
Reason
(R): King Bodawpaya sent 8,000 men, and Badanchandra collected
another 8,000 from tributary kings.
14. Assertion (A): Purnananda Buragohain was killed in the Battle
of Ghiladhari.
Reason
(R): The Ahom army was defeated by Burmese forces in this
battle.
15. Assertion (A): After the Battle of Kathalbari, Ruchinath
Buragohain fled to Gauhati.
Reason
(R): Ruchinath possessed all the qualities of his father, Purnananda.
16. Assertion (A): Badanchandra became all-powerful after the 1817
invasion and was given the title Mantri Barphukan.
Reason
(R): Chandrakanta Singha was removed from the throne and
replaced by Badanchandra.
17. Assertion (A): The Burmese stayed in Assam for a very brief
period during the 1817 invasion.
Reason
(R): Their main aim was to permanently annex Assam to the
Burmese empire.
18. Assertion (A): Badanchandra was assassinated in 1818 by a
Subedar named Rup Singh.
Reason
(R): He was killed because he had become too friendly with the
Burmese.
19. Assertion (A): Ruchinath Buragohain did not trust King
Chandrakanta after Badanchandra's death.
Reason
(R): He held Chandrakanta responsible for the Burmese invasion
and his father's death.
20. Assertion (A): Brajanath Singha was declared king by Ruchinath
but was found ineligible.
Reason
(R): He had suffered mutilation, which disqualified him from the
throne.
21. Assertion (A): Chandrakanta Singha's right ear was slit to
prevent him from reclaiming the throne.
Reason
(R): Mutilation was considered a disqualification for Ahom
kingship.
22. Assertion (A): The 1819 Burmese invasion was led by General
Ala Mingi to avenge Badanchandra's murder.
Reason
(R): Ala Mingi wanted to restore Purandhar Singha to the
throne.
23. Assertion (A): After the 1819 invasion, the Burmese left Mingimaha
Tilwa with troops to help Chandrakanta.
Reason
(R): Ala Mingi returned to Burma immediately after the victory.
24. Assertion (A): The construction of a fort at Jaypur by
Chandrakanta was seen as a friendly gesture by Burma.
Reason
(R): The fort was meant to block the Burmese route to Assam.
25. Assertion (A): Bagyidaw sent an army to Assam in 1821 because
he was pleased with Chandrakanta's loyalty.
Reason
(R): Bagyidaw was of a very cruel nature and was enraged by the
fort construction.
26. Assertion (A): Patal Barbarua was killed by Mingimaha Tilwa
for supervising fort construction too slowly.
Reason
(R): Mingimaha Tilwa tortured Ahom soldiers to speed up the
work.
27. Assertion (A): Chandrakanta Singha refused to return to Assam
after the 1821 invasion.
Reason
(R): He took refuge with the English in British territories.
28. Assertion (A): Jogeswar Singha was an independent and powerful
ruler of Assam.
Reason
(R): He ruled from 1821 to 1825 and was known as "Maane
Pata Raja".
29. Assertion (A): The period from 1821-1825 is known as
"Maanar Din" in Assam's history.
Reason
(R): During this time Burmese unleashed a reign of terror and
committed terrible atrocities.
30. Assertion (A): Agriculture, trade and commerce flourished
during Maanar Din.
Reason
(R): Many people fled their homes, and villages were abandoned.
31. Assertion (A): Some locals committed atrocities pretending to
be Burmese soldiers.
Reason
(R): They were greedy and wicked opportunists taking advantage
of the situation.
32. Assertion (A): The Burmese invasion completely destroyed the
six-hundred-year-old Ahom rule.
Reason
(R): Ahom kings remained independent throughout the Burmese
occupation.
33. Assertion (A): The Burmese invasion led to the intervention of
the English East India Company.
Reason
(R): Burmese occupation of Assam threatened British territories
and interests.
34. Assertion (A): The Treaty of Yandaboo was signed after the
Second Anglo-Burmese War.
Reason
(R): The treaty marked the end of the first Anglo-Burmese War.
35. Assertion (A): The Treaty of Yandaboo favoured the Burmese.
Reason
(R): The treaty forced Burma to pay war indemnity and cede
territories.
36. Assertion (A): According to the Treaty of Yandaboo, Burma had to
withdraw completely from Assam.
Reason
(R): Neither the Burmese nor any Assamese representative signed for
Assam in the treaty.
37. Assertion (A): The people of Assam actively opposed the
British takeover after the Burmese left.
Reason
(R): People believed the British would provide respite from
Burmese atrocities.
38. Assertion (A): Badanchandra is solely responsible for the
Burmese invasion of Assam.
Reason
(R): Without his invitation, the Burmese would never have invaded
Assam due to a lack of imperialistic ambitions.
39. Assertion (A): The Burmese invasion of 1817 cannot be termed a
real invasion.
Reason
(R): Burmese came to safeguard Badan and Chandrakanta, not to
conquer Assam.
40. Assertion (A): The First Anglo-Burmese War was inevitable due
to Burmese activities in Cachar.
Reason
(R): Cachar king Govind Chandra sought British protection,
leading to a clash.
41. Assertion (A): British forces entered Assam in 1824 with the
sole intention of helping Ahom kings.
Reason
(R): The British wanted to drive out the Burmese to protect their own
interests.
42. Assertion (A): The Treaty of Yandaboo was signed at Yandaboo
because it was the capital of Burma.
Reason
(R): The British army occupied Yandaboo, forcing the Burmese king to
sue for peace.
43. Assertion (A): The British established their claim over Assam
using Article 2 of the Yandaboo treaty.
Reason
(R): Neither the Burmese nor any Assamese representative signed for
Assam in the treaty.
44. Assertion (A): The Kaliabhomora Bridge was constructed in 1987
to fulfil Kaliabhomora's dream.
Reason
(R): Kaliabhomora wanted to build a bridge on the Brahmaputra
at Silghat.
45. Assertion (A): Edward Gait criticised Purnananda Buragohain
for his despotic rule.
Reason
(R): Gait believed Purnananda's relentless efforts restored
peace after the Moamoria rebellion.
46. Assertion (A): The Moamoria rebellion strengthened the Ahom
kingdom.
Reason
(R): After the rebellion, Purnananda Buragohain restored peace
and order.
47. Assertion (A): The Burmese invasion was advantageous to the
Burmese king because it helped expand his empire.
Reason
(R): The refugee issue from Arakan had already led to tension
with the British.
48. Assertion (A): The Burmese army returned to their country
immediately after each invasion.
Reason
(R): They did not intend to interfere in Assam's internal
affairs.
49. Assertion (A): The Panimua rebellion successfully removed
Purnananda from power.
Reason
(R): The rebellion was suppressed with a strong hand by
Purnananda.
50. Assertion (A): The Treaty of Yandaboo marked the beginning of
a new chapter in Assam's history.
Reason
(R): It ended Burmese rule and began British colonial rule in
Assam.
ANSWER KEY
1. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true (three invasions: 1817, 1819, 1821). R is false; invasions were
triggered by political instability, not the king's deaths.
2. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. King Gaurinath fled to Gauhati, leaving all responsibility to
Purnananda, making him de facto ruler.
3. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. Purnananda's suspicion of Badanchandra's involvement in
Danduadroah led to his replacement.
4. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; Purnananda's despotic rule was not appreciated. R is true; his
stern measures made officials unhappy.
5. Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Both are true, but R only states when it happened, not why it was suppressed.
6. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; Satram was banished, not hanged. R is true; he was banished to
Namrup and killed.
7. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; marriage only temporarily improved relations. R is true.
8. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true; Badanchandra fled to Burma after the British refusal. R is false; the British refused due to the non-interference policy, not alliance with Burma.
9. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true; Arakan was captured in 1784 under Bodawpaya. R is false; it was part
of westward, not eastward, expansion.
10. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. The influx of 40,000 refugees to British Bengal created tension,
explaining the conflict.
11. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true; Burma wanted Assam as a base against the English. R is false; Bodawpaya
had strong imperialistic ambitions.
12. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. As Badanchandra's aunt and the Burmese queen, her request helped him
get assistance.
13. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. Bodawpaya's 8,000 plus 8,000 from tributaries totalled 16,000
soldiers.
14. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true; Purnananda died after hearing of defeat. R is false; he died of
sadness, not killed in battle.
15. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true; Ruchinath fled to Gauhati after defeat. R is false; the text states
he lacked his father's qualities.
16. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true; Badanchandra became Mantri Barphukan. R is false; Chandrakanta was
retained as nominal king, not removed.
17. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true; the Burmese stayed briefly in 1817. R is false; they did not intend
permanent annexation at that time.
18. Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Both are true, but R is not the stated reason; the assassination was due to
conspiracy, not his friendliness with the Burmese.
19. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. Ruchinath held Chandrakanta responsible, which explains his lack
of trust.
20. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. Mutilation was grounds for ineligibility, explaining why
Brajanath couldn't rule.
21. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. Mutilation disqualified kings, which is why Chandrakanta's ear
was slit.
22. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true; Ala Mingi came to avenge Badanchandra's murder. R is false; he
restored Chandrakanta, not Purandhar.
23. Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Both are true, but R doesn't explain why Tilwa was left; he was left to control
Assam.
24. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; fort was a hostile act. R is true; it was meant to block the Burmese
route.
25. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; Bagyidaw was enraged, not pleased. R is true; he was cruel and
angry about Fort.
26. Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Both are true, but the torture of soldiers doesn't explain the killing of the supervisor.
27. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. Taking refuge in English explains his refusal to return to
Burmese-controlled Assam.
28. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; Jogeswar was a puppet. R is true.
29. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. Burmese terror justifies the name "Maanar Din" (days
of Maan/Burmese).
30. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; the economy suffered, not flourished. R is true; people fled, and
villages were abandoned.
31. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. Greed and opportunism explain why locals posed as Burmese to
commit atrocities.
32. Answer: (c)
Explanation:
A is true; the invasion ended Ahom rule. R is false; kings became puppets, not
independent.
33. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. The Burmese threat to British interests explains British
intervention.
34. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; it ended the First Anglo-Burmese War. R is true.
35. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; the treaty favoured the British. R is true; Burma paid indemnity and ceded
territory.
36. Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Both are true. Lack of Assamese representation helped the British claim Assam, but
R doesn't directly explain the withdrawal.
37. Answer: (d)
Explanation:
A is false; people didn't oppose the British. R is true; people welcomed the British as
saviours.
38. Answer: (e)
Explanation:
A is false; Purnananda also shares blame. R is false; Burma had their own
imperialistic ambitions.
39. Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. The reason explains why it wasn't a "real" conquest
but an intervention.
40. Answer (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. British protection of Govind Chandra made a clash with the Burmese
inevitable.
41. Answer (c)
Explanation:
A is false; the British acted for their own interests, not to help Ahom kings. R is
true.
42. Answer (d)
Explanation:
A is false; Yandaboo was not Burma's capital. R is true; the British occupation
forced the treaty.
43. Answer (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. The absence of Assamese representation allowed the British to claim
Assam.
44. Answer (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. Kaliabhomora's dream explains why the bridge was named after him.
45. Answer (d)
Explanation:
A is false; Gait praised Purnananda. R is true.
46. Answer (d)
Explanation:
A is false; the Moamoria rebellion weakened, not strengthened the Ahom kingdom. R is
true.
47. Answer (b)
Explanation:
Both are true, but R (refugee issue) is not the reason for the invasion being
advantageous.
48. Answer (d)
Explanation:
A is false; they didn't return immediately after each invasion. R is false;
they did interfere.
49. Answer (d)
Explanation:
A is false; the rebellion failed. R is true; it was suppressed.
50. Answer (a)
Explanation:
Both are true. The Treaty ended Burmese rule and began the British era, marking a new
chapter.
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