A VISIT TO KAZIRANGA AND SHIVSAGAR

A VISIT TO KAZIRANGA AND SHIVSAGAR

Q: What is Kaziranga National Park famous for?

Answer: Kaziranga National Park is famous for its one-horned rhinos.

Q: What is a National Park?

Answer: A national park is a park used for conservation purposes to protect rare animals.

Q: Name some animals that live in Kaziranga other than the one-horned rhino.

Answer: Some other animals that live in Kaziranga include elephants, wild water buffaloes, Indian wild boar, sambar, barking deer, hog deer, leopards, Indian grey mongooses, white-browed gibbons, capped langurs, snakes, and tortoises.

Q: What does "herbivorous" mean?

Answer: Herbivorous means the animals that eat only grasses.

Q: Can rhinos swim?

Answer: Yes, rhinos are very good swimmers. They get into lakes and ponds when it is hot to cool down.

Q: What did Mary Curzon do for Kaziranga?

Answer: In 1904, Mary Curzon visited Kaziranga and could not find a single rhino. She requested her husband, Lord Curzon, to protect the rhinos.

Q: When did Kaziranga become a National Park and a World Heritage Site?

Answer: 

• Kaziranga was designated a national park in 1974.
• It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985.

Q: Why was Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary renamed?

Answer: Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary was renamed from 'Game Sanctuary' because the word 'game' also means animals hunted for sport and food. The new name, 'Wildlife Sanctuary', was better for a place meant to conserve animals.

Q: What is a World Heritage Site?

Answer: A World Heritage Site is a place listed by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation) that has special significance and needs to be preserved for the international community.

Q: What was the historical name of Sivasagar?

Answer: Sivasagar was formerly known as Rangpur.

Q: What is the Namdang Stone Bridge famous for?

Answer: Namdang Stone Bridge is famous for being built of only one single stone. It was built entirely with human resources without modern technology.

Q: Who built the Namdang Stone Bridge and when?

Answer: The Ahom king Rudra Singha built the Namdang Stone Bridge in 1703.

Q: What is the other name for the Sivasagar tank?

Answer: Sivasagar tank is also known as Borpukhuri.

Q: Who dug the Sivasagar tank (Borpukhuri)?

Answer: Queen Ambika, the wife of King Shiva Singha, dug the Sivasagar tank (Borpukhuri, and it was named after her husband.

Q: Name the three temples located on the bank of the Sivasagar tank.

Answer: The three temples are:

• Shiva Dol (dedicated to Lord Shiva)
• Vishnu Dol (dedicated to Lord Vishnu)
• Devi Dol (dedicated to Goddess Durga)

Q: Why was the Joysagar tank built?

Answer: The Ahom king Rudra Singha dug the Joysagar tank in memory of his mother, Sati Joymoti.

Q: Who was Lora Roja, and what did he do?

Answer: Lora Roja was a cruel king who killed or injured young men of his kingdom. He did this because the Ahoms believed only a physically perfect person could be king, so he wanted to protect his throne from rebels.

Q: What is the Rang-ghar?

Answer: The Rang-ghar is an amphitheatre (an outdoor sports ground) where Ahom kings used to sit and enjoy sports like bird fights and buffalo fights.

Q: Describe the Talatal Ghar.

Answer: The Talatal Ghar was a large palace that had four storeys above ground and three storeys underground. It also had two secret tunnels.

Q: What are 'Maidams'?

Answer: Maidams were the burial grounds of the Ahom kings and nobles. Many royal graveyards still exist in Charaideo.

Q: Where did Siu-Ka-Pha, the founder of the Ahom dynasty, make his first capital?

Answer: Siu-Ka-Pha made Charaideo his first capital.

Q: Why did the children wake up early in the morning?

Answer: The children woke up early in the morning because they were very excited to travel to Sivasagar and stop at Kaziranga.

Q: Why is Assam unique?

Answer: Assam is unique because it has tea gardens, ancient temples, national parks, and historical monuments.

Q: What is a national park?

Answer: A national park is a park used for conservation purposes to protect rare animals.

Q: When was Kaziranga designated a National Park?

Answer: Kaziranga was designated a national park in 1974.

Q: What is the full form of UNESCO?

Answer: The full form of UNESCO is United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation.

Q: Why was Kaziranga Game Sanctuary renamed Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary?

Answer: Kaziranga Game Sanctuary was renamed because the word 'game' suggests animals are hunted for sport and food, which was not appropriate for a park meant to conserve animals.

Q: What does the rhinoceros eat?

Answer: The rhinoceros is herbivorous and eats grasses, leaves, fruits, water plants, and branches of shrubs.

Q: "On their way to Sivasagar, they crossed a stone bridge." What is the name of this bridge?

Answer: The name of the bridge is the Silor Saaku, or the Namdang Stone Bridge.

Q: Name the three temples on the bank of the Sivasagar tank.

Answer: The three temples are Shiva Dol, Vishnu Dol, and Devi Dol.

Q: Who built the Rang-ghar?

Answer: The Rang-ghar was built by Ahom king Pramatta Singha.

Fill in the blanks:

1. Well, in 1904, Mary Curzon visited Kaziranga.
2. The Namdang Stone Bridge was built by the Ahom king Rudra Singha.
3. Siu-Ka-Pha made Charaideo his first capital.

Q: Write the history of Kaziranga as a protected area.

Answer: The history of Kaziranga began in 1904 when Mary Curzon, the Viceroy's wife, visited but couldn't find a single rhino. She asked her husband to protect the rhinos. In 1905, the Kaziranga Proposed Reserve Forest was created. It was renamed Kaziranga Game Sanctuary in 1916 and then Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary in 1950. Finally, it was designated a National Park in 1974.

Q: Write a short note on Talatal Ghar.

A: The Talatal Ghar is the remains of a palace. It was a grand structure that had four storeys above ground and three storeys underground. It was also known for having two secret tunnels. One tunnel was 16 kilometres long, leading to the Gargaon Palace, and the other was 3 kilometres long, leading to the Dikhow River.

Q: Write a note on Charaideo Maidam.

A: Charaideo was the first capital established by Siu-Ka-Pha, the founder of the Ahom dynasty. It is a very important place because it has at least a hundred 'maidams', which were the burial grounds of the Ahom kings and nobles. These burial chambers are fascinating and are compared to the pyramids of Egypt. The Ahom people considered the hillock of Charaideo sacred.

Q: Who was Shiva Singha, and how is he connected to the Sivasagar tank?

Answer: Shiva Singha was an Ahom king. The Sivasagar tank (Borpukhuri) was dug by his wife, Queen Ambika, and was named after him.

Q: Why was the Talatal Ghar built with secret tunnels?

Answer: The Talatal Ghar’s secret tunnels were likely built for the royal family's escape or secret movement during times of danger. One tunnel led to the Gargaon Palace, and the other led to the Dikhow River.

Q: Who was Sati Joymoti, and why is she called 'Sati'?

Answer: Sati Joymoti was the mother of Ahom King Rudra Singha, who built the Joysagar tank in her memory. She is called 'Sati' because she sacrificed her life for her husband, Gadadhar Singha. She refused to reveal his hiding place to the cruel king, Lora Roja, even under torture.

Q: What was the main belief of the Ahoms that Lora Roja used to keep his throne safe?

Answer: The Ahoms believed that only a physically perfect person could ascend the throne. Lora Roja used this belief by maiming (injuring) young men so they could never become king, ensuring his own safety.

Q: Why is Charaideo Maidam considered to be sacred?

Answer: The hillock of Charaideo was considered sacred by the Ahom dynasty because they believed it to be the home of their ancestral gods.

Q: What is the significance of Kaziranga being a tiger reserve since 2006?

Answer: Kaziranga National Park has the highest density of tigers among the protected areas in the world. It was declared a Tiger Reserve in 2006 to further protect the tigers.

Q: What did the children's mother say about the flora (plants) in Kaziranga?

Answer: The children's mother remarked that the flora truly adds to the charm of the Kaziranga park. The park has a breathtaking array of flowers like water lilies, lotus, and water hyacinth.

Q: What is the significance of the year 1905 in the history of Kaziranga?

Answer: In 1905, the Kaziranga Proposed Reserve Forest was created. This was soon after Mary Curzon requested her husband to protect the rhinos.

Change the following sentences from direct to indirect speech (reported speech):

Direct Speech (The exact words)	Indirect Speech (Reporting what was said)
1. "Do you know Kaziranga is a World Heritage Site?" their father said.	Their father asked them if they knew Kaziranga was a World Heritage Site.
2. "On our way we can stay for a night at Kaziranga," their mother suggested.	Their mother suggested that on their way, they could stay for a night at Kaziranga.
3. "Can we go to see the rhino now?" Lohit asked.	Lohit asked if they could go to see the rhino then.
4. "I wish there was really a sagar here!" Lohit said.	Lohit expressed his wish that there had really been a sagar there.

Choose the words from the brackets which can be substituted for the italicised words:

1. They checked in at a hotel that had a large compound.

Answer: registered (They registered their arrival at the hotel).

2. She requested her husband to take measures immediately to protect the rhinos.

Answer: take steps  (She requested her husband to take steps).

3. Further in, they spotted a deer.

Answer: saw (They saw a deer).

4. In the heart of the town was the Sivasagar tank.

Answer: centre of (in the centre of the town).

5. The maidams have tomb vaults just like the pyramids in Egypt.

Answer: burial chambers (the maidams have burial chambers).

Underline the verbs of reporting:

The verbs of reporting show how someone speaks (e.g., asked, suggested, shouted).

1. Their father had explained to them...
2. ... Lohit pleaded.
3. ... their mother suggested.
4. ... Lohit asked.
5. Lohit shouted excitedly...
6. Trisha exclaimed, looking through the binoculars.
7. "I will take you to Charaideo," said their father.

MCQs

1. Lohit and Trisha were excited because they were going to
   A. Guwahati
   ✓ B. Kaziranga and Sivasagar
   C. Jorhat
   D. Tezpur
2. The writer of the chapter is
   A. Mamoni Raisom Goswami
   ✓ B. Srutimala Duara
   C. Homen Borgohain
   D. Lakshminath Bezbaroa
3. Lohit and Trisha could not sleep because
   A. they were afraid
   ✓ B. they were very excited
   C. it was noisy
   D. they were ill
4. Last year, Lohit and Trisha visited
   A. Kaziranga
   B. Sivasagar
   ✓ C. their uncle at Tezpur
   D. Guwahati
5. Sivasagar was formerly known as
   A. Charaideo
   B. Gargaon
   ✓ C. Rangpur
   D. Dikhow

6.      Kaziranga National Park is famous for
A. lions
✓ B. one-horned rhinoceros
C. bears
D. wolves

7.      Kaziranga lies in the districts of
A. Jorhat and Sivasagar
✓ B. Nagaon and Golaghat
C. Dibrugarh and Tinsukia
D. Cachar and Karimganj

8.      A National Park is meant for
A. tourism only
B. hunting
✓ C. conservation of wildlife
D. business

9.      The family stayed one night at Kaziranga on the suggestion of
A. Lohit
B. Trisha
C. mother
✓ D. father

10.  Lohit wanted to see the rhino by
A. jeep ride
B. boat ride
✓ C. elephant ride
D. walking

11.  The rhinoceros is a
A. carnivorous animal
B. omnivorous animal
✓ C. herbivorous animal
D. aquatic animal

12.  UNESCO stands for
A. United Nations Economic and Social Council
✓ B. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
C. United Nations Environment Council
D. United Nations Cultural Organisation

13.  Kaziranga was declared a World Heritage Site in
A. 1974
B. 1950
C. 1905
✓ D. 1985

14.  In which year did Mary Curzon visit Kaziranga?

✓ A. 1904
B. 1905
C. 1916
D. 1950

15.  Mary Curzon was the wife of
A. Rudra Singha
✓ B. Lord Curzon
C. P. D. Stracey
D. Gadadhar Singha

16.  In 1916 Kaziranga was named
A. Reserve Forest
B. Wildlife Sanctuary
✓ C. Game Sanctuary
D. National Park

17.  Kaziranga was renamed Wildlife Sanctuary in
A. 1916
✓ B. 1950
C. 1974
D. 1985

18.  P. D. Stracey renamed Kaziranga as
A. National Park
✓ B. Wildlife Sanctuary
C. Game Sanctuary
D. Tiger Reserve

19.  Kaziranga became a National Park in
A. 1950
✓ B. 1974
C. 1985
D. 2006

20.  Rhinos enter water bodies in the afternoon to
A. hunt
✓ B. cool themselves
C. sleep
D. hide

21.  Kaziranga was declared a Tiger Reserve in
A. 1985
✓ B. 2006
C. 1974
D. 2010

22.  Kaziranga has the highest density of
✓ A. tigers
B. elephants
C. deer
D. monkeys

23. The stone bridge near Sivasagar is
    A. Saraighat Bridge
    ✓ B. Namdang Stone Bridge
    C. Kolia Bhomora Setu
    D. Bogibeel Bridge
24. The Namdang Stone Bridge is about
    A. 3 km long
    B. 16 km long
    ✓ C. 60 metres long
    D. 104 feet wide
25. The bridge was made of
    A. bricks
    ✓ B. a single stone
    C. iron
    D. cement
26. The bridge was built by
    A. Gadadhar Singha
    ✓ B. Rudra Singha
    C. Shiva Singha
    D. Rajeswar Singha
27. Sivasagar town is named after
    A. Joysagar tank
    B. Gaurisagar tank
    ✓ C. Sivasagar tank (Borpukhuri)
    D. Rudrasagar tank
28. Sivasagar tank was dug by
    A. Rudra Singha
    B. Shiva Singha
    ✓ C. Queen Ambika
    D. Joymoti
29. The height of Shiva Dol is
    A. 60 metres
    ✓ B. 104 feet
    C. 15 km
    D. 7 feet
30. The three temples near Sivasagar tank were built by
    A. Rudra Singha
    B. Rajeswar Singha
    ✓ C. Queen Ambika
    D. Gadadhar Singha
31. Devi Dol is dedicated to
    A. Lord Shiva
    B. Lord Vishnu
    ✓ C. Goddess Durga
    D. Lord Krishna
32. The golden dome of Shiva Dol is called
    A. Talatal Ghar
    B. Rang-ghar
    ✓ C. Kolosi
    D. Maidam
33. Tai Museum displays
    A. animals
    ✓ B. Ahom weapons, clothes and antiques
    C. machines
    D. paintings
34. Joysagar tank was dug in memory of
    A. Queen Ambika
    ✓ B. Sati Joymoti
    C. Mary Curzon
    D. Lord Curzon
35. Sati Joymoti’s husband was
    A. Rudra Singha
    ✓ B. Gadadhar Singha
    C. Shiva Singha
    D. Rajeswar Singha
36. Joymoti was tortured by
    ✓ A. Lora Roja
    B. Rudra Singha
    C. Curzon
    D. Siu-Ka-Pha
37. Joymoti was tortured for
    A. 7 days
    B. 10 days
    ✓ C. 14 days
    D. 30 days
38. The roof of Rang-ghar is shaped like
    A. a pyramid
    B. a dome
    ✓ C. an inverted boat
    D. a square
39. Rang-ghar was used to enjoy
    ✓ A. sports
    B. prayers
    C. meetings
    D. studies
40. Rang-ghar is unique in
    A. India
    B. Europe
    ✓ C. Asia
    D. Africa
41. Rang-ghar was built by
    A. Rudra Singha
    B. Gadadhar Singha
    ✓ C. Pramatta Singha
    D. Ambika
42. Talatal Ghar had how many storeys above ground?
    A. Two
    B. Three
    ✓ C. Four
    D. Five
43. Talatal Ghar had how many underground storeys?
    A. One
    B. Two
    C. Three
    ✓ D. Four
44. The secret tunnel from Talatal Ghar led to
    ✓ A. Dikhow River
    B. Joysagar
    C. Charaideo
    D. Gargaon
45. Gargaon Palace is about
    A. 3 km away
    ✓ B. 15 km away
    C. 60 m away
    D. 22 km away
46. Gargaon Palace was first built by
    A. Rudra Singha
    ✓ B. Suklengmung
    C. Rajeswar Singha
    D. Siu-Ka-Pha
47. The founder of the Ahom dynasty was
    A. Rudra Singha
    B. Gadadhar Singha
    ✓ C. Siu-Ka-Pha
    D. Shiva Singha
48. Siu-Ka-Pha made his first capital at
    A. Sivasagar
    B. Gargaon
    ✓ C. Charaideo
    D. Rangpur
49. A Maidam is
    A. a palace
    B. a temple
    ✓ C. burial ground of Ahom kings
    D. a fort
50. Maidams are compared to the
    A. Sphinx
    B. Temples
    ✓ C. Pyramids of Egypt
    D. Museums

ASSERTION & REASONING-BASED QUESTIONS

In each question below, two statements are given: Assertion (A) and Reason (R).

Choose the correct option:

A. Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).

B. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is NOT the correct explanation for (A).

C. (A) is true, but (R) is false.

D. (A) is false, but (R) is true.

E. Both (A) and (R) are false.

Questions & Answers

Assertion (A): Kaziranga was renamed from 'Game Sanctuary' to 'Wild Life Sanctuary' in 1950.

Reason (R): The word 'Game' can imply animals hunted for sport, which was inappropriate for a conservation area, so the name was changed for better conservation ethics.

Option	Correct Answer
	A
Explanation: Both statements are correct, and the Reason explains exactly why the Assertion (the name change) happened.

Assertion (A): The Sivasagar tank (Borpukhuri) and the three temples on its bank were built by Queen Ambika.

Reason (R): Queen Ambika wanted to create the Joysagar tank to honour her mother-in-law, Sati Joymoti.

Option	Correct Answer
	C
Explanation: Assertion (A) is True (Queen Ambika built the tank and the temples). Reason (R) is False; the Joysagar tank was built by King Rudra Singha (Ambika's son) in memory of Sati Joymoti.

Assertion (A): Rhinos often enter lakes and ponds during the hot afternoons in Kaziranga.

Reason (R): Rhinos are excellent swimmers and enter the water to cool down from the heat.

Option	Correct Answer
	A
Explanation: Both statements are true, and the Reason provides the direct cause/motive (to cool down) for the Assertion (entering the water).

Assertion (A): Kaziranga National Park was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1974.

Reason (R): A World Heritage Site is an area that has special cultural or physical significance and is listed by UNESCO for preservation.

Option	Correct Answer
	D
Explanation: Assertion (A) is False (Kaziranga was declared a World Heritage Site in 1985; it became a National Park in 1974). Reason (R) is True, as it correctly defines a World Heritage Site.

Assertion (A): The Rang-ghar is famous for being an open-air amphitheatre where Ahom kings enjoyed sports.

Reason (R): The roof of the Rang-ghar is shaped like an inverted boat, a unique architectural feature.

Option	Correct Answer
	B
Explanation: Both statements are true. The Rang-ghar is an amphitheatre (A) and has a unique roof (R). However, the shape of the roof (R) does not explain why it was used for sports (A). They are two separate facts about the monument.

Assertion (A): The Namdang Stone Bridge is also known as Silor Saaku.

Reason (R): It was built in 1703 by Ahom King Rudra Singha entirely from a single stone.

Option	Correct Answer
	B
Explanation: Both statements are true (A is the Assamese name, and R is a factual detail about its construction). However, the construction detail (R) does not explain why it has a local name (A).

Assertion (A): Lora Roja systematically killed or injured many young men of the kingdom.

Reason (R): The Ahom belief was that only a physically perfect person could ascend the throne, and Lora Roja wanted to eliminate potential rivals.

Option	Correct Answer
	A
Explanation: Both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) are true, and the Reason (R) perfectly explains the motive and justification behind Lora Roja's cruel actions (A).

Assertion (A): The Tai Museum is a very important tourist spot in Sivasagar.

Reason (R): The museum houses old swords, clothes, and antiques belonging to the erstwhile Ahom rulers.

Option	Correct Answer
	A
Explanation: The Assertion (A) is true. The Reason (R) is also true and serves as the correct explanation because the valuable historical items (R) are exactly why the museum is an important tourist spot (A).

Assertion (A): The Maidams found in Charaideo were used as royal storehouses during the Ahom dynasty.

Reason (R): Maidams are the burial grounds of the Ahom kings and nobles, similar to the pyramids of Egypt.

Option	Correct Answer
	D
Explanation: Assertion (A) is False (Maidams are burial grounds, not storehouses). Reason (R) is True (it is the correct description of the Maidams).

Assertion (A): The Talatal Ghar was built with four storeys above ground and three storeys underground.

Reason (R): The palace required three underground floors to house the large collection of ancient Ahom manuscripts.

Option	Correct Answer
	C
Explanation: Assertion (A) is True (it correctly describes the structure). Reason (R) is False; the chapter does not state that the underground floors were specifically for manuscripts; they were primarily part of the palace structure, possibly for security (secret tunnels).

Assertion (A): The rhinoceros is classified as a herbivorous animal.

Reason (R): The rhino feeds only on grasses, leaves, fruits, water plants, and branches of shrubs, confirming its plant-based diet.

Option	Correct Answer
	A
Explanation: Both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) are true. The Reason provides the evidence (what the rhino eats) that correctly explains the Assertion (its classification as a herbivore).

Assertion (A): Siu-Ka-Pha, the founder of the Ahom dynasty, established Sivasagar as his very first capital.

Reason (R): The first capital of the Ahom kingdom was Charaideo, which is a sacred place because it holds the Maidams (burial grounds).

Option	Correct Answer
	D
Explanation: Assertion (A) is False (Siu-Ka-Pha's first capital was Charaideo). Reason (R) is True, as Charaideo was indeed the first capital and is home to the Maidams.

Assertion (A): Sati Joymoti was inhumanely tortured for a period of fourteen days by Lora Roja's men.

Reason (R): The torture was inflicted because Joymoti refused to reveal the hiding place of her husband, Gadadhar Singha, to the cruel king.

Option	Correct Answer
	A
Explanation: Both statements are true, and the Reason (R) clearly explains the cause/motive for the events described in the Assertion (A).

Assertion (A): The Talatal Ghar had two long secret tunnels, one 16 km long and one 3 km long.

Reason (R): The 16 km long tunnel led from the Talatal Ghar to the Dikhow river, which would allow the royal family to escape in case of an attack.

Option	Correct Answer
	C
Explanation: Assertion (A) is True (the two tunnels existed with these lengths). Reason (R) is False; the 16 km tunnel led to the Gargaon Palace, while the 3 km tunnel led to the Dikhow river.

Assertion (A): Kaziranga was declared a National Park in 1974.

Reason (R): Before 1974, the area had already gone through several status changes, including being called the Kaziranga Game Sanctuary (1916) and Wild Life Sanctuary (1950).

Option	Correct Answer
	B
Explanation: Both statements are True. However, the sequence of previous names (R) is a historical fact, but it is not the explanation why the year 1974 was chosen to designate it as a National Park (A).

Assertion (A): The wooden palace at Gargaon was first constructed in 1540 by Suklengmung.

Reason (R): The Gargaon Palace is located 15 kilometres away from Sivasagar town.

Option	Correct Answer
	B
Explanation: Both statements are true and factual details from the chapter. However, the distance (R) does not explain who built the palace or when it was built (A). They are unrelated facts.

Assertion (A): The Maidams in Charaideo were used by the Ahom kings as a secure vault for storing their gold and royal treasure.

Reason (R): Maidams are the sacred burial mounds of the Ahom kings and nobles; hence, they are often compared to the pyramids of Egypt.

Option	Correct Answer
	D
Explanation: Assertion (A) is False (Maidams are burial grounds, not treasure vaults). Reason (R) is True, as it correctly identifies the Maidams as burial mounds for Ahom royalty.

Assertion (A): Mary Curzon requested her husband, Lord Curzon, to protect the rhinos in the Kaziranga area.

Reason (R): During her visit in 1904, she was greatly saddened because she could not find a single one-horned rhino.

Option	Correct Answer
	A
Explanation: Both statements are true, and the Reason (not seeing a rhino) is the primary motivation/explanation for the Assertion (her request for protection).

Assertion (A): The Namdang Stone Bridge is considered an architectural marvel of the Ahom era.

Reason (R): It was built entirely from a single stone slab and constructed using only human resources, without the aid of modern technology.

Option	Correct Answer
	A
Explanation: Both statements are true. The incredible method of construction (R) is the exact reason why the bridge is considered a marvel (A).

Assertion (A): The historical monuments Shiva Dol, Vishnu Dol, and Devi Dol are all temples.

Reason (R): The term 'dol' is the word used in Assamese for 'temple'.

Option	Correct Answer
	A
Explanation: Both statements are true. The Reason directly explains why the word 'Dol' is used in the names of these religious structures (A).

Assertion (A): The word 'indigenous' means native to a particular land.

Reason (R): The one-horned rhino is an indigenous species of Kaziranga, meaning it is found naturally only in this region.

Option	Correct Answer
	B
Explanation: Both the Assertion (A) (the definition) and the Reason (R) (the example) are true. However, the Reason (R) is simply an example of the word 'indigenous'; it does not explain why the word means what it does (A).